Maria Lidian Franci Batalha Santa, Batista Josicélia Estrela Tuy, Wachira Virginia Kagure, Junior Wenderval Borges Carvalho, Soares Alexandre Anderson de Sousa Munhoz, Carvalho Isis Polianna Silva Ferreira de, Peixoto Henry Maia
Center of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
Department of Strategic Actions for Epidemiology and Surveillance in Health and Environment, Secretariat of Health and Environmental Surveilance, Ministry of Health, Brasília 70719-040, Brazil.
Life (Basel). 2025 Feb 28;15(3):388. doi: 10.3390/life15030388.
Cardiac conditions are a significant category of post-COVID conditions. The objective of this study was to synthesise the evidence on the factors associated with the development of post-COVID cardiac conditions, the frequency of clinical outcomes in affected patients, and the potential prognostic factors. A systematic review was conducted using the databases EBSCOhost, MEDLINE via PubMed, BVS, and Embase, covering studies from 2019 to December 2023. A total of 8343 articles were identified, and seven met the eligibility criteria for data extraction. The protective effect of vaccination stood out among the associated factors, showing a reduced risk of developing post-COVID cardiac conditions. Conversely, COVID-19 reinfections were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes. Regarding the main outcomes in these patients, most recovered, although some cases persisted beyond 200 days of follow-up. The study included in the analysis of prognostic factors reported that the four children who did not recover by the end of the study were between two and five years old and had gastrointestinal symptoms during the illness. The COVID-19 vaccination regimen reduces the risk of developing post-COVID cardiac conditions. Public health policies promoting immunisation should be encouraged to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections and reinfections.
心脏疾病是新冠后综合征的一个重要类别。本研究的目的是综合关于新冠后心脏疾病发生相关因素、受影响患者临床结局的频率以及潜在预后因素的证据。使用EBSCOhost、通过PubMed检索的MEDLINE、BVS和Embase数据库进行了一项系统综述，涵盖2019年至2023年12月的研究。共识别出8343篇文章，其中7篇符合数据提取的纳入标准。在相关因素中，疫苗接种的保护作用突出，显示出降低新冠后心脏疾病发生风险的作用。相反，新冠病毒再次感染与心血管结局风险增加相关。关于这些患者的主要结局，大多数患者康复，尽管有些病例在随访200天后仍持续存在。纳入预后因素分析的研究报告称，在研究结束时未康复的4名儿童年龄在2至5岁之间，患病期间有胃肠道症状。新冠疫苗接种方案可降低新冠后心脏疾病的发生风险。应鼓励促进免疫接种的公共卫生政策，以预防严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染和再次感染。
