Díaz Nelson, Muñoz Susana, Medina Alberto, Riquelme Carlos, Lozano-Muñoz Ivonne
Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820000, Chile.
Departamento de Acuicultura y Recursos Agroalimentarios, Universidad de los Lagos, Alberto Hertha Fuchslocher 1305, Osorno 5380000, Chile.
Life (Basel). 2025 Mar 13;15(3):455. doi: 10.3390/life15030455.
Sustainably farmed Atlantic salmon could drive global food system solutions by contributing essential nutrients to the human diet while delivering high-quality protein. One of the biggest obstacles to sustainable salmon aquaculture in Chile is the prevalence of piscirickettsiosis disease caused by the Gram-negative bacteria and the excessive amount of antibiotics used to eradicate this disease. Farmed salmon products can be consumed without prior processing and therefore present a substantial risk for the transfer of resistant pathogens to humans. Antibiotics also carry the risk of antibiotic residues and damage to the environment. An alternative to antibiotics is the use of natural antimicrobials without the negative influence on the consumer's microbiome. Here, we evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity against of the marine microalgae . A non-genetically modified was grown with nitrogen deprivation to improve the synthesis of the eicosapentaenoic fatty acid (EPA). A spray-dried concentrate (Mg) was elaborated and given to Atlantic salmon for a period of 49 days, and serum and fillet samples were collected. Our results showed a significant increase in the nutritional quality improving the levels of EPA+ Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (23%) and Vitamin D (106%) of the fillets treated with Mg. Fish fed serum were challenged with , and serum antibacterial activity was measured. Sera from fish fed Mg-enriched diets showed a significant increase in antibacterial activity (85.68%) against . Our results indicate that Mg can be used as a viable alternative to address the critical problem of microbial resistance and to assure consumers that farm-raised Atlantic salmon is safe.
可持续养殖的大西洋鲑鱼可为人类饮食提供必需营养素，同时提供优质蛋白质，从而推动全球粮食系统解决方案。智利可持续鲑鱼养殖的最大障碍之一是由革兰氏阴性菌引起的鱼立克次氏体病的流行，以及为根除这种疾病而使用的大量抗生素。养殖鲑鱼产品无需预先加工即可食用，因此存在耐药病原体传播给人类的重大风险。抗生素还存在抗生素残留和环境污染的风险。抗生素的替代方法是使用对消费者微生物群没有负面影响的天然抗菌剂。在此，我们评估了海洋微藻对的潜在抗菌活性。通过氮剥夺培养非转基因微藻，以提高二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的合成。制备了喷雾干燥的微藻浓缩物（Mg），并投喂给大西洋鲑鱼49天，然后收集血清和鱼片样本。我们的结果显示，用Mg处理的鱼片的营养质量显著提高，EPA+二十二碳五烯酸（DPA）水平提高了23%，维生素D水平提高了106%。对喂食血清的鱼进行感染挑战，并测量血清抗菌活性。喂食富含Mg饮食的鱼的血清对的抗菌活性显著提高（85.68%）。我们的结果表明，Mg可以作为一种可行的替代方法，来解决微生物耐药性这一关键问题，并向消费者保证养殖的大西洋鲑鱼是安全的。
