Bayraktar Dilek, Şenışık Seçkin, Kayalı Vatansever Ayşe, Dadaş Ömer Faruk, Akercan Fuat
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ege University, 35040 Bornova, Türkiye.
Department of Sports Medicine, Ege University, 35040 Bornova, Türkiye.
J Clin Med. 2025 Mar 11;14(6):1892. doi: 10.3390/jcm14061892.
: Altered body biomechanics during pregnancy can lead to balance impairments and an increased risk of falls. Clinical exercise interventions can help regulate these biomechanical changes. : A total of 101 pregnant participants (exercise group: = 50; control group: = 51) were retrospectively analyzed over an 8-week follow-up period. Single-leg balance parameters, including AP sway, ML sway, total body sway, OSD, and center of pressure velocity and acceleration, were assessed considering limb dominance. Measurements were taken at baseline and week 8. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze time-group interactions, with significance set at < 0.001. The biomechanical impacts of participant height and body mass on center of pressure dynamics were also considered. : The exercise group (EG) demonstrated significant improvements in all balance parameters compared to the control group (CG) ( < 0.001), except for non-dominant anterior-posterior (AP) sway ( = 0.512). In the EG, medio-lateral (ML) and AP sway of the non-dominant limb were minimized, whereas these parameters were significantly increased in the CG. Although both groups exhibited an increased one-leg stance duration (OSD), the improvement was more pronounced in the EG. The controlled improvements observed in the EG suggest a protective effect of exercise on balance, particularly in the dominant limb. : Clinical exercise interventions during pregnancy enhance balance parameters, reduce fall risk, and improve functional mobility. These findings suggest that structured exercise programs not only support maternal well-being but also improve reactive balance control. Given the biomechanical changes throughout pregnancy, future studies should examine the center of pressure velocity, acceleration, and the influence of maternal anthropometrics on postural stability to refine exercise recommendations.
孕期身体生物力学的改变会导致平衡受损以及跌倒风险增加。临床运动干预有助于调节这些生物力学变化。
在为期8周的随访期内，对101名怀孕参与者（运动组：n = 50；对照组：n = 51）进行了回顾性分析。考虑肢体优势，评估了单腿平衡参数，包括前后向摆动、内外侧摆动、全身摆动、单腿站立时间以及压力中心速度和加速度。在基线和第8周进行测量。采用重复测量方差分析来分析时间 - 组交互作用，显著性设定为p < 0.001。还考虑了参与者身高和体重对压力中心动力学的生物力学影响。
与对照组（CG）相比，运动组（EG）在所有平衡参数上均有显著改善（p < 0.001），非优势侧的前后向（AP）摆动除外（p = 0.512）。在运动组中，非优势肢体的内外侧（ML）和前后向摆动最小化，而在对照组中这些参数显著增加。尽管两组的单腿站立时间（OSD）均增加，但运动组的改善更为明显。运动组中观察到的可控改善表明运动对平衡具有保护作用，尤其是对优势肢体。
孕期的临床运动干预可增强平衡参数、降低跌倒风险并改善功能活动能力。这些发现表明，结构化运动计划不仅有助于孕妇的健康，还能改善反应性平衡控制。鉴于整个孕期的生物力学变化，未来的研究应检查压力中心速度、加速度以及孕妇人体测量学对姿势稳定性的影响，以完善运动建议。
