Setthawong Piyathip, Yamkasem Jidapa, Khemthong Matepiya, Tattiyapong Puntanat, Metheenukul Pornphimon, Prasertsincharoen Noppadol, Lertwanakarn Tuchakorn, Thengchaisri Naris, Surachetpong Win
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Viruses. 2025 Mar 20;17(3):448. doi: 10.3390/v17030448.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) poses a major threat to global tilapia aquaculture and contributes to significant economic losses due to the absence of effective vaccines and treatments. Given the high mortality rates and severe pathological effects of TiLV on tilapia, alternative strategies, such as immunoglobulin-based therapies, are being considered for disease control. In this study, we developed specific immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies against TiLV and evaluated their neutralization activity. Laying hens were immunized via intramuscular injections of recombinant TiLV segment 4 protein, and IgY antibodies were extracted and purified from their egg yolks using polyethylene glycol precipitation. Western blot analysis confirmed the specificity of the IgY, which demonstrated no cross-reactivity with nontarget proteins. Neutralization assays revealed a dose-dependent reduction in TiLV infectivity, which declined from 5.01 × 10 TCID/mL to 5.01 × 10-1.26 × 10 TCID/mL, with the highest efficacy observed at a 1:2 dilution. Despite the variability in neutralization infectivity among the different hens, IgY effectively inhibited TiLV-induced cytopathic effects. Immunofluorescence assays further confirmed a significant reduction in the TiLV antigen levels in IgY-treated RHTiB cells. Our findings highlight IgY as a promising strategy for TiLV control and suggest its potential application in the prevention of emerging viruses.
罗非鱼湖病毒（TiLV）对全球罗非鱼养殖业构成重大威胁，由于缺乏有效的疫苗和治疗方法，导致了巨大的经济损失。鉴于TiLV对罗非鱼的高死亡率和严重病理影响，正在考虑采用基于免疫球蛋白的疗法等替代策略来控制疾病。在本研究中，我们开发了针对TiLV的特异性免疫球蛋白Y（IgY）抗体，并评估了它们的中和活性。通过肌肉注射重组TiLV第4节段蛋白对蛋鸡进行免疫，然后使用聚乙二醇沉淀法从蛋黄中提取和纯化IgY抗体。蛋白质免疫印迹分析证实了IgY的特异性，它与非靶蛋白无交叉反应。中和试验显示TiLV感染性呈剂量依赖性降低，从5.01×10 TCID/mL降至5.01×10 - 1.26×10 TCID/mL，在1:2稀释时观察到最高疗效。尽管不同母鸡之间的中和感染性存在差异，但IgY有效地抑制了TiLV诱导的细胞病变效应。免疫荧光试验进一步证实，经IgY处理的RHTiB细胞中TiLV抗原水平显著降低。我们的研究结果突出了IgY作为控制TiLV的一种有前景的策略，并表明其在预防新兴病毒方面的潜在应用。
