Sánchez-Garrido Campos Guillermo, Zafra Ángela M, Estévez-Rodríguez Marta, Cordones Isabel, Ruffini Giulio, Márquez-Ruiz Javier
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
Brain Modeling Department, Neuroelectrics Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Front Neurosci. 2025 Mar 12;19:1549230. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1549230. eCollection 2025.
Gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (gamma-tACS) represents a novel neuromodulation technique with promising therapeutic applications across neurodegenerative diseases. This mini-review consolidates recent preclinical and clinical findings, examining the mechanisms by which gamma-tACS influences neural oscillations, enhances synaptic plasticity, and modulates neuroimmune responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the capacity of gamma-tACS to synchronize neuronal firing, support long-term neuroplasticity, and reduce markers of neuroinflammation, suggesting its potential to counteract neurodegenerative processes. Early clinical studies indicate that gamma-tACS may improve cognitive functions and network connectivity, underscoring its ability to restore disrupted oscillatory patterns central to cognitive performance. Given the intricate and multifactorial nature of gamma oscillations, the development of tailored, optimized tACS protocols informed by extensive animal research is crucial. Overall, gamma-tACS presents a promising avenue for advancing treatments that support cognitive resilience in a range of neurodegenerative conditions.
γ经颅交流电刺激（γ-tACS）是一种新型神经调节技术，在治疗多种神经退行性疾病方面具有广阔的应用前景。本综述总结了近期的临床前和临床研究结果，探讨了γ-tACS影响神经振荡、增强突触可塑性和调节神经免疫反应的机制。临床前研究表明，γ-tACS能够同步神经元放电、支持长期神经可塑性并减少神经炎症标志物，提示其具有对抗神经退行性变过程的潜力。早期临床研究表明，γ-tACS可能改善认知功能和网络连接，突出了其恢复对认知表现至关重要的紊乱振荡模式的能力。鉴于γ振荡的复杂性和多因素性质，在广泛的动物研究基础上制定量身定制、优化的tACS方案至关重要。总体而言，γ-tACS为推进一系列神经退行性疾病中支持认知恢复力的治疗提供了一条有前景的途径。
