Billah Muktashim, Gassing Abdul Qadir, Bakry Muammar, Kurniati Kurniati, Haddade Abdul Wahid, Syamsuddin Darussalam, Ahmad La Ode Ismail, Harakan Ahmad
Department of Family Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia.
Graduate Program, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia.
Front Sociol. 2025 Mar 12;10:1479243. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2025.1479243. eCollection 2025.
Stigmatization of disabled individuals remains a significant issue in Indonesia, particularly in Makassar, despite the existence of legal protections. This issue is further complicated by the intersection of religious and cultural norms, especially in Muslim-majority contexts. Islamic law (Maqāṣid al-Sharı̄'ah) provides a framework for dignity, intellect, and social justice, yet societal perceptions often contradict these principles. This study investigates how social stigma-manifested through harassment, insults, and negative labeling-aligns or conflicts with Islamic teachings on compassion and inclusion.
A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with key informants and quantitative survey data from 400 respondents, sampled using the Taro Yamane formula. The study examines the prevalence of stigma against disabled people and explores the role of Islamic perspectives in shaping societal attitudes.
Findings reveal that stigma against disabled individuals in Makassar is deeply embedded in social structures, often reinforcing their marginalization. While Islamic teachings promote inclusivity and protection of dignity, cultural misinterpretations and lack of awareness contribute to inconsistent application. The quantitative data indicate a strong correlation between negative labeling and social exclusion, while qualitative insights highlight the role of religious leaders and societal norms in shaping public perception.
The study highlights Maqāṣid al-Sharı̄'ah as a potential framework to counter stigma and advocate for more inclusive policies. However, societal resistance and entrenched biases pose challenges to implementation. Addressing these issues requires enhanced public education, stronger legal enforcement, and community engagement to shift societal attitudes toward disability rights.
This research contributes to the discourse on Islamic social justice and disability rights, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive approach to reducing stigma. Policy recommendations include involving disabled individuals in public decision-making, strengthening religious and legal discourse on inclusion, and promoting awareness campaigns to challenge societal prejudices. These efforts are essential to fostering a more equitable and inclusive society.
尽管存在法律保护，但在印度尼西亚，尤其是在望加锡，对残疾人的污名化仍然是一个重大问题。宗教和文化规范的交织使这个问题更加复杂，特别是在穆斯林占多数的环境中。伊斯兰法（《伊斯兰教法的目标》）提供了一个关于尊严、智力和社会正义的框架，但社会观念往往与这些原则相矛盾。本研究调查了通过骚扰、侮辱和负面标签表现出来的社会污名如何与伊斯兰关于同情和包容的教义相一致或相冲突。
采用混合方法，将对关键信息提供者的定性访谈与来自400名受访者的定量调查数据相结合，样本采用塔罗·山根公式抽取。该研究考察了对残疾人污名化的流行程度，并探讨了伊斯兰观点在塑造社会态度方面的作用。
研究结果表明，望加锡对残疾人的污名深深植根于社会结构中，常常加剧他们的边缘化。虽然伊斯兰教义促进包容性和尊严保护，但文化误解和缺乏认识导致了不一致的应用。定量数据表明负面标签与社会排斥之间存在很强的相关性，而定性见解则突出了宗教领袖和社会规范在塑造公众认知方面的作用。
该研究强调《伊斯兰教法的目标》是对抗污名和倡导更具包容性政策的潜在框架。然而，社会阻力和根深蒂固的偏见对实施构成挑战。解决这些问题需要加强公众教育、更有力的法律执行以及社区参与，以改变社会对残疾人权利的态度。
本研究为关于伊斯兰社会正义和残疾人权利的讨论做出了贡献，强调需要采取综合方法来减少污名。政策建议包括让残疾人参与公共决策、加强关于包容性的宗教和法律论述，以及开展提高认识运动以挑战社会偏见。这些努力对于建立一个更加公平和包容的社会至关重要。
