Yang Xiao, Song Yingli, Wang Yan, Zhang Ji, Huang Hui, Zhang Jing, Han Rongrong, Xiang Zhixuan, Chen Lu, Gao Lingling
School of Nursing, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
Int J Nurs Pract. 2025 Apr;31(2):e70013. doi: 10.1111/ijn.70013.
To examine the prevalence and predictors of physical inactivity among pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in mainland China.
A cross-sectional study was implemented in Zhengzhou, China from October 2021 to February 2022. Two hundred fifty-two pregnant women at high risk for GDM were recruited. Physical inactivity was assessed by the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, Knowledge of Physical Activity Questionnaire, Social Support for Physical Activity Scale, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and sociodemographic and antenatal characteristics questionnaire were collected and used to predict physical inactivity. Binary logistic regression was applied. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
The prevalence of physical inactivity was 53.2%. The risk factors for physical inactivity included low level of physical activity self-efficacy (aOR: 6.05, 95% CI: 1.13-32.31), middle levels of physical activity self-efficacy (aOR: 5.13, 95% CI: 1.45-18.20), no pregnancy physical activity goals (aOR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.18-8.0), low pregnancy physical activity goals (aOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.02-6.8), nulliparity (aOR: 7.17, 95% CI: 3.74-13.75), having a junior college degree or below (aOR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.10-3.74) and husbands having no habits of regular physical activity (aOR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.06-4.04).
This study revealed that physical inactivity among pregnant women at high risk for GDM was a public health concern in mainland China. Physical activity self-efficacy and pregnancy physical activity goals may be used to develop interventions to enhance physical activity.
探讨中国大陆妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）高危孕妇身体活动不足的患病率及其预测因素。
于2021年10月至2022年2月在中国郑州开展一项横断面研究。招募了252名GDM高危孕妇。采用妊娠身体活动问卷评估身体活动不足情况。收集妊娠身体活动自我效能量表、身体活动知识问卷、身体活动社会支持量表、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表以及社会人口学和产前特征问卷，用于预测身体活动不足。应用二元逻辑回归分析。计算调整后的优势比和95%置信区间（CIs）。
身体活动不足的患病率为53.2%。身体活动不足的危险因素包括身体活动自我效能水平低（调整后的优势比：6.05，95%置信区间：1.13 - 32.31）、身体活动自我效能处于中等水平（调整后的优势比：5.13，95%置信区间：1.45 - 18.20）、无妊娠身体活动目标（调整后的优势比：3.06，95%置信区间：1.18 - 8.0）、妊娠身体活动目标低（调整后的优势比：2.64，95%置信区间：1.02 - 6.8）、初产妇（调整后的优势比：7.17，95%置信区间：3.74 - 13.75）、大专及以下学历（调整后的优势比：2.03，95%置信区间：1.10 - 3.74）以及丈夫无规律身体活动习惯（调整后的优势比：2.07，95%置信区间：1.06 - 4.04）。
本研究表明，中国大陆GDM高危孕妇身体活动不足是一个公共卫生问题。身体活动自我效能和妊娠身体活动目标可用于制定增强身体活动的干预措施。
