Yang Xiao, Song Yingli, Zhang Ji, Wang Yan, Huang Hui, Zhang Jing, Gao Lingling
School of Nursing, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Dec 3;17:5725-5736. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S489118. eCollection 2024.
Physical activity could decrease the odds of pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) developing GDM. Physical activity self-efficacy was the key predictor of physical activity. This study aimed to examine physical activity self-efficacy and identify its predictors among pregnant women at high risk for GDM in mainland China.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhengzhou, China, from October 2021 to February 2022. Two hundred fifty-two pregnant women at high risk for GDM completed the Pregnancy Physical Activity Self-efficacy Scale, the Social Support for Physical Activity Scale, the Knowledge of Physical Activity Questionnaire, the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and a socio-demographic data sheet. Multiple linear regression was used.
Chinese pregnant women at high risk for GDM reported a moderate level of physical activity self-efficacy. The best-fit regression analysis revealed four predictors. Social support for physical activity was the strongest predictor, followed by knowledge of physical activity, intention to do physical activity, and anxiety symptoms.
The study found that Chinese pregnant women at high risk for GDM had a moderate level of physical activity self-efficacy, which had 4 predictors. Healthcare professionals should make efforts to enhance pregnant women's social support, knowledge, and intention to do physical activity and decrease their anxiety symptoms to improve their physical activity self-efficacy.
体育活动可降低妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）高危孕妇患GDM的几率。体育活动自我效能感是体育活动的关键预测因素。本研究旨在调查中国大陆GDM高危孕妇的体育活动自我效能感，并确定其预测因素。
于2021年10月至2022年2月在中国郑州进行了一项横断面研究。252名GDM高危孕妇完成了妊娠体育活动自我效能量表、体育活动社会支持量表、体育活动知识问卷、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表和一份社会人口数据表。采用多元线性回归分析。
中国GDM高危孕妇的体育活动自我效能感处于中等水平。最佳拟合回归分析显示了四个预测因素。体育活动的社会支持是最强的预测因素，其次是体育活动知识、进行体育活动的意愿和焦虑症状。
研究发现，中国GDM高危孕妇的体育活动自我效能感处于中等水平，且有四个预测因素。医护人员应努力加强孕妇的社会支持、知识水平以及进行体育活动的意愿，并减轻她们的焦虑症状，以提高其体育活动自我效能感。
