Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute (including health and agriculture), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019 Sep 13;19(1):334. doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2492-3.
Globally, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is rising, but it is a neglected health threat to mothers and their children in low resource countries. Although, GDM is known in Ethiopia, information regarding it remains scarce by recent diagnostic criteria. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of GDM and associated factors among women attending antenatal care at Gondar town public health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1027 pregnant women selected by the systematic random sampling technique. The universal one-step screening and diagnostic strategy was done using a two-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. GDM was diagnosed using updated diagnostic criteria (2017 American Diabetes Association (ADA) or 2013 World Health Organization (WHO) or modified International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups diagnostic criteria (IADPSG)). Binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with GDM.
Of the total 1027 pregnant women, 12.8% (95% CI: 10.8-14.8) were diagnosed with GDM. Overweight and/or obesity (MUAC ≥28 cm) (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.18-4.26), previous history of GDM (AOR = 5.82, 95% CI: 2.57-13.18), family history of diabetes (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI: 1.57-10.35), low physical activity (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.60-7.04), inadequate dietary diversity (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.02-3.53), and antenatal depression (AOR = 4.12, 95% CI: 1.85-9.20) were significantly associated with GDM.
The prevalence of GDM among women attending antenatal care at Gondar town public health facilities was high. Previous history of GDM, antenatal depression, family history of diabetes, low physical activity, overweight and/or obesity and inadequate dietary diversity were significantly associated with GDM. Routine screening of pregnant women and healthy lifestyle are strongly recommended.
在全球范围内，妊娠糖尿病（GDM）的发病率正在上升，但在资源匮乏的国家，它是母亲及其子女被忽视的健康威胁。尽管埃塞俄比亚已经了解到 GDM，但根据最近的诊断标准，有关 GDM 的信息仍然很少。因此，本研究旨在确定在贡德尔镇公共卫生设施接受产前护理的妇女中 GDM 的患病率及其相关因素。
采用系统随机抽样技术，对 1027 名孕妇进行了横断面研究。采用两小时 75g 口服葡萄糖耐量试验进行通用一步筛查和诊断策略。使用最新的诊断标准（2017 年美国糖尿病协会（ADA）或 2013 年世界卫生组织（WHO）或改良的国际糖尿病与妊娠研究组诊断标准（IADPSG））诊断 GDM。采用二元逻辑回归模型确定与 GDM 相关的因素。
在总共 1027 名孕妇中，12.8%（95%CI：10.8-14.8）被诊断患有 GDM。超重和/或肥胖（MUAC≥28cm）（AOR=2.25，95%CI：1.18-4.26）、既往 GDM 病史（AOR=5.82，95%CI：2.57-13.18）、糖尿病家族史（AOR=4.03，95%CI：1.57-10.35）、低体力活动（AOR=3.36，95%CI：1.60-7.04）、饮食多样性不足（AOR=1.9，95%CI：1.02-3.53）和产前抑郁（AOR=4.12，95%CI：1.85-9.20）与 GDM 显著相关。
在贡德尔镇公共卫生设施接受产前护理的妇女中，GDM 的患病率较高。既往 GDM 病史、产前抑郁、糖尿病家族史、低体力活动、超重和/或肥胖以及饮食多样性不足与 GDM 显著相关。强烈建议对孕妇进行常规筛查和保持健康的生活方式。
