Chen Qianqian, Xu Xiangyi, Li Shun, Xiong Tianqing
Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Neural Regen Res. 2026 Mar 1;21(3):1058-1073. doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00924. Epub 2025 Mar 25.
Ischemic stroke is a serious medical event that cannot be predicted in advance and can have long-lasting effects on patients, families, and communities. A deeper understanding of the changes in gene expression and the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved could help address this critical issue. In recent years, research into regulatory long non-coding (lnc)RNAs, a diverse group of RNA molecules with regulatory functions, has emerged as a promising direction in the study of cerebral infarction. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the roles of regulatory lncRNAs in cerebral infarction, as well as potential strategies for their application in clinical settings. LncRNAs have the potential to act as "sponges" that attract specific microRNAs, thereby regulating the expression of microRNA target genes. These interactions influence various aspects of ischemic stroke, including reperfusion-induced damage, cell death, immune responses, autophagy, angiogenesis, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. We highlight several regulatory lncRNAs that have been utilized in animal model treatments, including lncRNA NKILA, lncRNA Meg8, and lncRNA H19. Additionally, we discuss lncRNAs that have been used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral infarction, such as lncRNA FOXO3, lncRNA XIST, and lncRNA RMST. The lncRNAs hold potential for genetic-level treatments in patients. However, numerous challenges, including inefficiency, low targeting accuracy, and side effects observed in preliminary studies, indicate the need for thorough investigation. The application of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke presents challenges that require careful and extensive validation.
缺血性中风是一种严重的医学事件，无法提前预测，会对患者、家庭和社区产生长期影响。深入了解基因表达的变化以及所涉及的基本分子机制有助于解决这一关键问题。近年来，对具有调控功能的长链非编码（lnc）RNA的研究已成为脑梗死研究中一个有前景的方向。这篇综述旨在全面探讨调控lncRNA在脑梗死中的作用，以及它们在临床应用中的潜在策略。lncRNA有可能作为“海绵”吸引特定的微小RNA，从而调控微小RNA靶基因的表达。这些相互作用影响缺血性中风的各个方面，包括再灌注诱导的损伤、细胞死亡、免疫反应、自噬、血管生成以及活性氧的产生。我们重点介绍了几种已用于动物模型治疗的调控lncRNA，包括lncRNA NKILA、lncRNA Meg8和lncRNA H19。此外，我们还讨论了已用作脑梗死诊断和预后生物标志物的lncRNA，如lncRNA FOXO3、lncRNA XIST和lncRNA RMST。lncRNA在患者基因水平治疗方面具有潜力。然而，包括初步研究中观察到的效率低下、靶向准确性低和副作用在内的众多挑战表明需要进行深入研究。lncRNA在缺血性中风中的应用面临挑战，需要仔细和广泛的验证。
