Svatý Zdeněk, Vrtal Pavel, Mičunek Tomáš, Kohout Tomáš, Nouzovský Luboš, Frydrýn Michal, Blodek Tomáš, Kocián Karel
Department of Forensic Experts in Transportation, CTU in Prague, FTS, Prague, Konviktská, Czechia.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 27;20(3):e0320073. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320073. eCollection 2025.
This study investigates the safety risks of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) collisions with humans, focusing on impact dynamics through controlled crash testing. Utilizing a custom-designed drop mechanism, 49 impact tests were conducted on a Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device at various velocities and kinetic energies (7-24 m/s and 1-280 J). Tested UASs included a range of designs and weights (20 g to over 1 kg). Results demonstrated limitations in using kinetic energy models and peak head acceleration for injury prediction. The Head Injury Criterion showed greater consistency, reflecting the temporal profile of impacts. Findings revealed that UAS structural fragility reduces energy transfer at higher impacts through deformation and fracturing. This work underscores the need for improved testing protocols and nuanced safety standards.
本研究调查了无人机系统（UAS）与人类碰撞的安全风险，重点通过控制碰撞测试研究碰撞动力学。利用定制设计的跌落装置，在Hybrid III人体模型试验装置上以不同速度和动能（7-24米/秒和1-280焦耳）进行了49次碰撞测试。测试的无人机包括一系列设计和重量（20克至超过1千克）。结果表明，在使用动能模型和头部峰值加速度进行损伤预测方面存在局限性。头部损伤准则显示出更高的一致性，反映了碰撞的时间特征。研究结果表明，无人机的结构脆弱性会在更高的碰撞中通过变形和断裂减少能量传递。这项工作强调了改进测试协议和细化安全标准的必要性。
