Mertz Harold J, Irwin Annette L, Prasad Priya
General Motors Corporation.
Stapp Car Crash J. 2003 Oct;47:155-88. doi: 10.4271/2003-22-0009.
In 1983, General Motors Corporation (GM) petitioned the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to allow the use of the biofidelic Hybrid III midsize adult male dummy as an alternate test device for FMVSS 208 compliance testing of frontal impact, passive restraint systems. To support their petition, GM made public to the international automotive community the limit values that they imposed on the Hybrid III measurements, which were called Injury Assessment Reference Values (IARVs). During the past 20 years, these IARVs have been updated based on relevant biomechanical studies that have been published and scaled to provide IARVs for the Hybrid III and CRABI families of frontal impact dummies. Limit values have also been developed for the biofidelic side impact dummies, BioSID, EuroSID2 and SID-IIs. The purpose of this paper is to provide in a single document: 1) a listing of the IARVs for measurements made with the Hybrid III and CRABI families of frontal impact dummies, and for the biofidelic side impact dummies, 2) the biomechanical and/or scaling bases for these IARVs, and 3) a comparison of IARVs and regulatory compliance limits and how they affect restraint design.
1983年，通用汽车公司（GM）向美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）请愿，请求允许使用生物逼真的Hybrid III中型成年男性假人作为用于正面碰撞、被动约束系统的联邦机动车安全标准（FMVSS）208合规测试的替代测试设备。为了支持他们的请愿，通用汽车公司向国际汽车界公布了他们对Hybrid III测量值所设定的限值，这些限值被称为损伤评估参考值（IARV）。在过去20年里，这些IARV已根据已发表的相关生物力学研究进行了更新，并进行了缩放，以提供适用于Hybrid III和CRABI系列正面碰撞假人的IARV。还为生物逼真的侧面碰撞假人BioSID、EuroSID2和SID-IIs制定了限值。本文的目的是在一份文件中提供：1）使用Hybrid III和CRABI系列正面碰撞假人以及生物逼真的侧面碰撞假人进行测量的IARV列表，2）这些IARV的生物力学和/或缩放依据，以及3）IARV与法规合规限值的比较以及它们如何影响约束系统设计。
