Zhang Meng, Jin Leyang, Zhang Tianhao, Jiang Xiaofan, Li Mingyuan, Guan Yan, Fu Yongping
Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 27;16(1):2997. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58166-x.
Layered 2D semiconductors, when grown into 1D nanowires, can exhibit excellent optical and electronic properties, promising for nanoscale optoelectronics and photonics. However, rational strategies to grow such nanowires are lacking. Here, we present a large family of quantum-well nanowires made from 2D organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites with tunable well thickness, organic spacer cations, halide anions, and metal cations, achieved by harnessing directional nonvalent intermolecular interactions present among certain spacer cations. The unusual 1D anisotropic growth within the 2D plane is induced by preferential self-assembly of selected spacer cations along the direction of stronger intermolecular interactions and further promoted by crystal growth engineering. Owing to the intrinsic 2D quantum-well-like crystal structures and 1D photon confinement at the subwavelength scale, these nanowires exhibit robust exciton-photon coupling, with Rabi splitting energies of up to 700 meV, as well as wavelength-tunable and more efficient lasing compared to exfoliated crystals.
层状二维半导体生长为一维纳米线时，可展现出优异的光学和电子特性，有望用于纳米级光电子学和光子学领域。然而，目前仍缺乏生长此类纳米线的合理策略。在此，我们展示了一大类由二维有机-无机杂化金属卤化物钙钛矿制成的量子阱纳米线，其阱厚度、有机间隔阳离子、卤化物阴离子和金属阳离子均可调谐，这是通过利用某些间隔阳离子之间存在的定向非共价分子间相互作用实现的。二维平面内不寻常的一维各向异性生长是由选定的间隔阳离子沿更强分子间相互作用方向的优先自组装诱导的，并通过晶体生长工程进一步促进。由于其固有的二维量子阱状晶体结构和亚波长尺度的一维光子限制，这些纳米线表现出强大的激子-光子耦合，拉比分裂能量高达700 meV，与剥离晶体相比，还具有波长可调谐且更高效的激光发射特性。
