Zhong Zhangyi, Jiang Hongyu, Wang Huilin, Liu Yang
School of Physical Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
School of Business, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Mar 3;15(3):298. doi: 10.3390/bs15030298.
Physical and psychological distress frequently challenges athletes throughout their careers. The perception of pain and coping strategies are often crucial factors in achieving victory. These factors not only reflect their commitment to daily training, but can also indicate their level of athletic performance. This study is a cross-sectional research using convenience and snowball sampling methods. It explores the relationship between mindfulness and athletes' distress tolerance, revealing the mediating roles of cognitive reappraisal and mental toughness. A sample of 285 athletes was drawn from universities, youth training centers, and sports academies in Hunan, Hubei, and Sichuan provinces in China. To assess the proposed hypotheses, structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS v23. The findings identified a significant positive correlation between mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal, and mental toughness. Additionally, both cognitive reappraisal and mental toughness were positively associated with distress tolerance. Further analysis demonstrated that cognitive reappraisal and mental toughness function as mediators in the mindfulness-distress tolerance relationship. These results indicate that athletes with higher mindfulness levels exhibit enhanced cognitive reappraisal skills, greater mental toughness, and improved distress tolerance. This means that athletes with higher mindfulness levels are more likely to detach from negative psychological states in a timely manner, utilizing emotional regulation skills such as cognitive reappraisal, and face training and competition with greater mental resilience. This can help athletes alleviate negative psychological states and, to some extent, reduce their experience of pain, enabling them to better cope with challenges. Therefore, athletes can actively engage in mindfulness practices combined with cognitive reappraisal strategies to achieve better psychological states, which can support their adherence to training and rehabilitation plans.
身体和心理困扰在运动员的整个职业生涯中经常对他们构成挑战。对疼痛的感知和应对策略往往是取得胜利的关键因素。这些因素不仅反映了他们对日常训练的投入，还能表明他们的运动表现水平。本研究是一项采用便利抽样和滚雪球抽样方法的横断面研究。它探讨了正念与运动员痛苦耐受力之间的关系，揭示了认知重评和心理韧性的中介作用。从中国湖南、湖北和四川三省的大学、青少年训练中心和体育学院抽取了285名运动员作为样本。为了评估所提出的假设，使用AMOS v23进行了结构方程建模。研究结果确定了正念、认知重评和心理韧性之间存在显著的正相关。此外，认知重评和心理韧性都与痛苦耐受力呈正相关。进一步的分析表明，认知重评和心理韧性在正念与痛苦耐受力的关系中起中介作用。这些结果表明，正念水平较高的运动员表现出更强的认知重评技能、更大的心理韧性和更高的痛苦耐受力。这意味着正念水平较高的运动员更有可能及时摆脱消极心理状态，运用认知重评等情绪调节技能，并以更强的心理复原力面对训练和比赛。这可以帮助运动员缓解消极心理状态，并在一定程度上减轻他们的疼痛体验，使他们能够更好地应对挑战。因此，运动员可以积极参与正念练习并结合认知重评策略，以达到更好的心理状态，这有助于他们坚持训练和康复计划。
