Daud Aziah, Mohd Basri Ijlal Syamim, Ahmad Elyas, Hairon Suhaily Mohd, Azmir Nor Azali, Md Jalil Azlis Sani, Nordin Rusli
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Faculty of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Mar 15;13(6):645. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13060645.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been found to be the leading factor in disabilities and absenteeism among workers. Despite their growing numbers, WMSD prevalence and risk factors among food delivery riders remain underexplored. Given the high WMSD prevalence among motorcyclists and the rising road traffic accidents (RTAs) among delivery riders in Malaysia, a cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the determinants of WMSDs among this neglected group. : A self-reported questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic factors, work-related factors, and a validated Malay-translated Standardised Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to evaluate the WMSD symptoms and related factors among 191 food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. An ergonomic risk assessment using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method and whole-body vibration (WBV) measurement was also conducted to elicit the WMSD risk and vibration exposure among the riders. The determinants of WMSDs were analysed using multiple logistic regression using SPSS 20.4. : This study revealed a high prevalence of WMSDs (74.9%) among food delivery riders in Eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, three factors were found to be significantly associated with WMSDs among riders, namely the increasing average working days (aOR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.98; = 0.001), whole-body vibration (WBV) above the exposure action value (EAV) limit (aOR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.13, 6.53; = 0.026), and not exercising before work (aOR = 21.63; 95% CI = 7.45, 62.79; < 0.001). : Targeted interventions are essential to mitigate ergonomic risks and enhance rider safety. Occupational health policies should prioritise pre-work exercise and WBV exposure reduction to minimise musculoskeletal strain. Future longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact of these risks on riders' health.
工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSDs）已被发现是导致工人残疾和旷工的主要因素。尽管此类疾病的数量不断增加，但食品配送骑手群体中WMSD的患病率及风险因素仍未得到充分研究。鉴于马来西亚摩托车骑行者中WMSD的高患病率以及配送骑手道路交通事故（RTAs）的不断增加，开展了一项横断面研究，以确定这一被忽视群体中WMSD的决定因素。：采用一份自我报告问卷，其中包括社会人口学因素、工作相关因素，以及经过验证的马来语翻译版标准化北欧肌肉骨骼问卷（M-SNMQ），来评估马来西亚半岛东部191名食品配送骑手的WMSD症状及相关因素。还采用快速全身评估（REBA）方法和全身振动（WBV）测量进行了人体工程学风险评估，以确定骑手的WMSD风险和振动暴露情况。使用SPSS 20.4通过多元逻辑回归分析WMSD的决定因素。：本研究揭示，马来西亚半岛东部食品配送骑手中WMSD的患病率很高（74.9%）。此外，研究发现骑手WMSD与三个因素显著相关，即平均工作日增加（调整后比值比[aOR]=2.00；95%置信区间[CI]=1.34，2.98；P=0.001）、全身振动（WBV）高于暴露行动值（EAV）限值（aOR=2.71；95%CI=1.13，6.53；P=0.026），以及工作前不锻炼（aOR=21.63；95%CI=7.45，62.79；P<0.001）。：针对性干预对于减轻人体工程学风险和提高骑手安全至关重要。职业健康政策应优先考虑工作前锻炼和减少WBV暴露，以尽量减少肌肉骨骼劳损。未来需要进行纵向研究，以评估这些风险对骑手健康的长期影响。
