Zhang Yibiao, Ye Xiaoyun, Xu Jiancong, He Jixiao, Lu Xiaobing
Laboratory Department, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Tumor Hospital, No.1296, North Huancheng Road, Wucheng District, Jinhua, 321000, Zhejiang, China.
Lizhen Life Technology Co.Ltd, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
AMB Express. 2025 Mar 28;15(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01870-0.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that presents a serious risk to public health. Glycosyltransferase-related genes (GTRGs) are instrumental in assessing the risk of latent tuberculosis infection progressing to active TB. This study aims to develop novel, accurate, and effective diagnostic markers to enhance the early diagnosis and precision treatment of TB. We employed Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to explore key genes that are notably linked toTB. In addition, we employed single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) to examine the differences in immune cell infiltration between normal tissues and those affected by TB. The effectiveness of the potential biomarkers was evaluated through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and their expression patterns. We also conducted single-gene enrichment analysis to explore the biological functions and pathway activities linked to the characteristic genes. Finally, we constructed a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to elucidate the potential regulatory mechanisms governing these genes. Through the screening of hub genes and differentially expressed genes from the GTRGs, we identified two potential biomarkers: B4GALT5 and KCNJ2. Evaluation results indicated that these characteristic genes displayed strong diagnostic performance in both the training and validation cohorts. Moreover, single-gene enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were primarily enriched in apoptosis pathways closely associated with TB treatment. Additionally, the construction of the mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA network identified 82 miRNAs and 65 lncRNAs. This study elucidates the roles of GTRGs in TB, identifies biomarkers associated with these groups, and establishes the lncRNA expression profile of characteristic genes. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the early diagnosis of TB.
结核病（TB）是一种对公众健康构成严重风险的传染病。糖基转移酶相关基因（GTRGs）有助于评估潜伏性结核感染进展为活动性结核病的风险。本研究旨在开发新颖、准确且有效的诊断标志物，以加强结核病的早期诊断和精准治疗。我们采用加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）来探索与结核病显著相关的关键基因。此外，我们采用单样本基因集富集分析（ssGSEA）来检测正常组织与结核病受累组织之间免疫细胞浸润的差异。通过受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线及其表达模式评估潜在生物标志物的有效性。我们还进行了单基因富集分析，以探索与特征基因相关的生物学功能和通路活性。最后，我们构建了一个竞争性内源性RNA（ceRNA）网络，以阐明调控这些基因的潜在机制。通过从GTRGs中筛选枢纽基因和差异表达基因，我们鉴定出两个潜在生物标志物：B4GALT5和KCNJ2。评估结果表明，这些特征基因在训练队列和验证队列中均表现出强大的诊断性能。此外，单基因富集分析显示，这些基因主要富集在与结核病治疗密切相关的凋亡通路中。此外，mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA网络的构建鉴定出82个miRNA和65个lncRNA。本研究阐明了GTRGs在结核病中的作用，鉴定了与这些基因群相关的生物标志物，并建立了特征基因的lncRNA表达谱。这些发现为结核病的早期诊断提供了理论基础。
