Cremer Louise M, Stemler Jannik, Sprute Rosanne, Herrmann Sebastian, Markus Theresa, Salmanton-García Jon, Gieselmann Lutz, Di Cristanziano Veronica, Gruell Henning, Cornely Oliver A, Mellinghoff Sibylle C
University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany.
University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Cologne, Germany.
Blood Res. 2025 Mar 28;60(1):19. doi: 10.1007/s44313-025-00067-5.
COVID-19 remains a major threat to immunocompromised individuals. The determination of circulating SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients at high risk for severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is important for estimating the vaccine-induced humoral immune response. Therefore, we assessed the status quo after winter to analyze the need for booster vaccinations.
Anti-spike IgG levels of 46 hospitalized patients with hematological and oncological diseases, measured between 21th December 2023 and 8th February 2024, were compared between subgroups of patients. Demographic data, underlying diseases, antineoplastic treatment, and the number of positive SARS-CoV-2 tests at the University Hospital Cologne were collected.
Patients with different diseases showed varying SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels. The highest levels were found in patients with diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and acute leukemia who had not received specific treatment or had just initiated treatment, whereas the lowest levels were found in patients with DLBCL, acute leukemia, and multiple myeloma who had received at least one line of treatment. The geometric mean antibody titers were higher in female patients than in male patients and were highest in patients aged 41-50 years while lowest in those aged 61-70 years.
The data presented confirm broad variations in SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels across patients with different hematological and oncological diseases and highlight the complex interference of cancer biology, immune dysfunction, and treatment-related factors in shaping immune responses. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these variations in antibody levels. We emphasize the need for regular booster vaccinations in this patient group.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）仍然是免疫功能低下个体面临的主要威胁。对于严重感染新型冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）风险较高的患者，测定其循环中的SARS-CoV-2抗体对于评估疫苗诱导的体液免疫反应很重要。因此，我们评估了冬季过后的现状，以分析加强接种疫苗的必要性。
比较了2023年12月21日至2024年2月8日期间在科隆大学医院测量的46例血液学和肿瘤学疾病住院患者的抗刺突IgG水平。收集了人口统计学数据、基础疾病、抗肿瘤治疗以及科隆大学医院SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性的次数。
不同疾病的患者显示出不同的SARS-CoV-2刺突抗体水平。在未接受特定治疗或刚刚开始治疗的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）和急性白血病患者中发现了最高水平，而在接受了至少一线治疗的DLBCL、急性白血病和多发性骨髓瘤患者中发现了最低水平。女性患者的几何平均抗体滴度高于男性患者，在41-50岁的患者中最高，而在61-70岁的患者中最低。
所呈现的数据证实了不同血液学和肿瘤学疾病患者的SARS-CoV-2抗刺突IgG水平存在广泛差异，并突出了癌症生物学、免疫功能障碍和治疗相关因素在塑造免疫反应方面的复杂相互作用。需要进一步研究以阐明这些抗体水平差异背后的机制。我们强调该患者群体需要定期进行加强接种。
