Chandrasekhar S, Prathibha B S, Bindu S, Raghu M S, Prashanth M K, Kumar K Yogesh, Alharethy Fahd, Jeon Byong-Hun
Department of Physics, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560 070, India.
Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, 560 070, India.
J Fluoresc. 2025 Mar 28. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04274-2.
Molecular fluorescent probes have found numerous applications in material science and biology. Fluorescently labelled heterocyclic compounds are found usage in light-emitting diodes, high throughput screening, bioanalytical applications, and diagnostics. Hence, this study focuses on the synthesis of a novel functionalized 4-((6-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl phenol (CTPP) molecule using molecular hybridization approach as an antimicrobial agent and fluorescent probe. The synthesized CTPP molecule was characterized utilizing various spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized CTPP molecule was validated for their antimicrobial studies. With MIC values of 11.8 ± 0.26 and 14.6 ± 0.35 µM against S. aureus and C. albicans strains, respectively, the CTPP molecule significantly surpassed the reference medications streptomycin and fluconazole. The molecular docking results revealed that CTPP molecules has shown favourable binding interactions with good binding site energies against the target 3VO8 and 7PJC proteins. Computational studies were performed using the DFT method with a B3LYP/6-311G basis set used to explore the molecular geometry, global reactive descriptors, MEP, absorption, emission, ELF, LOL, RDG and NLO characteristics. It was discovered that the CTPP molecule's calculated NLO values were superior to reference molecule urea in both the gas and solvent phases. Moreover, the first and second hyperpolarizability values for CTPP molecule in gas and DMSO phase indicate that they could be employed as good nonlinear optical materials. The results of both theoretical and experimental research demonstrate that the CTPP molecule is a promising one that can be applied to NLO-based products in the optoelectronic industry.
分子荧光探针已在材料科学和生物学中得到了广泛应用。荧光标记的杂环化合物可用于发光二极管、高通量筛选、生物分析应用和诊断。因此，本研究聚焦于采用分子杂交方法合成一种新型功能化的4-((6-氯-2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-4-基)氨基)-2-异丙基-5-甲基苯酚（CTPP）分子，将其作为抗菌剂和荧光探针。利用各种光谱技术对合成的CTPP分子进行了表征。对合成的CTPP分子进行了抗菌研究验证。CTPP分子对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌菌株的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值分别为11.8±0.26和14.6±0.35μM，显著超过了参考药物链霉素和氟康唑。分子对接结果表明，CTPP分子与目标3VO8和7PJC蛋白显示出良好的结合相互作用和结合位点能量。使用密度泛函理论（DFT）方法，采用B3LYP/6-311G基组进行了计算研究，以探索分子几何结构、全局反应性描述符、分子静电势（MEP）、吸收、发射、电子定位函数（ELF）、分子轨道定位函数（LOL）、拉普拉斯位移梯度（RDG）和非线性光学（NLO）特性。研究发现，CTPP分子在气相和溶剂相中的计算NLO值均优于参考分子尿素。此外，CTPP分子在气相和二甲基亚砜（DMSO）相中的第一和第二超极化率值表明它们可作为良好的非线性光学材料。理论和实验研究结果均表明，CTPP分子是一种有前途的分子，可应用于光电子行业基于NLO的产品。
