Danovaro R, Aronson J, Bianchelli S, Boström C, Chen W, Cimino R, Corinaldesi C, Cortina-Segarra J, D'Ambrosio P, Gambi C, Garrabou J, Giorgetti A, Grehan A, Hannachi A, Mangialajo L, Morato T, Orfanidis S, Papadopoulou N, Ramirez-Llodra E, Smith C J, Snelgrove P, van de Koppel J, van Tatenhove J, Fraschetti S
Dept. of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
National Biodiversity Future Centre, Palermo, Italy.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 29;16(1):3062. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57254-2.
Marine ecosystem restoration success stories are needed to incentivize society and private enterprises to build capacity and stimulate investments. Yet, we still must demonstrate that restoration efforts can effectively contribute to achieving the targets set by the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis on 764 active restoration interventions across a wide range of marine habitats worldwide. We show that marine ecosystem restorations have an average success of ~64% and that they are: viable for a large variety of marine habitats, including deep-sea ecosystems; highly successful for saltmarshes, tropical coral reefs and habitat-forming species such as animal forests; successful at all spatial scales, so that restoration over large spatial scales can be done using multiple interventions at small-spatial scales that better represent the natural variability, and scalable through dedicated policies, regulations, and financing instruments. Restoration interventions were surprisingly effective even in areas where human impacts persisted, demonstrating that successful restorations can be initiated before all stressors have been removed. These results demonstrate the immediate feasibility of a global 'blue restoration' plan even for deep-sea ecosystems, enabled by increasing availability of new and cost-effective technologies.
需要海洋生态系统恢复成功案例来激励社会和民营企业提升能力并刺激投资。然而，我们仍必须证明恢复工作能够切实有助于实现联合国生态系统恢复十年设定的目标。在此，我们对全球广泛的海洋栖息地中的764项正在进行的恢复干预措施进行了荟萃分析。我们发现，海洋生态系统恢复的平均成功率约为64%，并且这些恢复措施具有以下特点：对包括深海生态系统在内的多种海洋栖息地可行；对盐沼、热带珊瑚礁以及动物森林等形成栖息地的物种非常成功；在所有空间尺度上都取得成功，因此可以通过在小空间尺度上进行多种能更好体现自然变异性的干预措施来实现大空间尺度的恢复，并且可以通过专门的政策、法规和融资工具实现规模扩大。恢复干预措施即使在人类影响持续存在的地区也出人意料地有效，这表明在所有压力源都消除之前就可以启动成功的恢复工作。这些结果表明，即使对于深海生态系统，全球“蓝色恢复”计划也具有直接可行性，这得益于越来越多新的且具有成本效益的技术。
