von Blumenthal Flurina, Schönenberger Katja A, Huwiler Valentina V, Stanga Zeno, Pestoni Giulia, Faeh David
Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism (UDEM), Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
J Nutr Sci. 2025 Mar 24;14:e27. doi: 10.1017/jns.2025.6. eCollection 2025.
Recommended dietary fibre consumption is rarely met in high-income countries. Detailed analysis of fibre consumption patterns is essential to identify strategies for increasing intake. This study investigated the timing and sources of fibre intake in Switzerland, using data from the Swiss Nutrition Survey, (n = 2057, 18-75 years). Dietary characteristics were summarised for the adult population and for subgroups stratified by absolute (< 15 g/day, 15-<30 g/day, and >=30 g/day) and relative (< 10 g/1000 kcal/day, 10-<14 g/1000 kcal/day, and >=14 g/1000 kcal/day) fibre intake. Mean fibre intake of both 24 HDRs for each individual and contribution of food groups and timing (before breakfast, breakfast, during the morning, lunch, during the afternoon, dinner, after dinner/at night) was calculated. Fibre was mainly consumed at breakfast (4.1 g/day), lunch (6.0 g/day), and dinner (6.4 g/day). Intake at breakfast differed between the lowest and highest fibre intake groups by 6.4 g/day (absolute) and 4.3 g/day (relative). Breakfast skipping was more frequent among low-fibre intake groups (29% for absolute intake, 19% for relative intake) than in the overall population (15%). The main sources of dietary fibre were grain products (35.6%), followed by vegetables (18.3%) and fruits (18.2%), with whole grains accounting for 17.5% of grain intake. Legumes contributed only to 1% of total fibre intake. Public health efforts encouraging regular breakfast consumption, and intake of whole grains and legumes are recommended to improve fibre intake.
在高收入国家,推荐的膳食纤维摄入量很少能达到。对纤维消费模式进行详细分析对于确定增加摄入量的策略至关重要。本研究利用瑞士营养调查(n = 2057,18 - 75岁)的数据,调查了瑞士膳食纤维摄入的时间和来源。对成年人群以及按绝对膳食纤维摄入量(<15克/天、15 - <30克/天和≥30克/天)和相对膳食纤维摄入量(<10克/1000千卡/天、10 - <14克/1000千卡/天和≥14克/1000千卡/天)分层的亚组的饮食特征进行了总结。计算了每个人24小时膳食回顾(HDRs)的平均纤维摄入量以及食物组的贡献和摄入时间(早餐前、早餐、上午期间、午餐、下午期间、晚餐、晚餐后/夜间)。纤维主要在早餐(4.1克/天)、午餐(6.0克/天)和晚餐(6.4克/天)时摄入。最低和最高纤维摄入量组之间早餐的摄入量差异为6.4克/天(绝对)和4.3克/天(相对)。低纤维摄入量组中不吃早餐的情况比总体人群(15%)更频繁(绝对摄入量组为29%,相对摄入量组为19%)。膳食纤维的主要来源是谷物产品(35.6%),其次是蔬菜(18.3%)和水果(18.2%),全谷物占谷物摄入量的17.5%。豆类仅占总纤维摄入量的1%。建议开展公共卫生工作,鼓励规律食用早餐以及摄入全谷物和豆类,以改善纤维摄入量。