Yu Zhantao, Swift Kevin A, Hedges Madeline A, Theiss Arianne L, Andres Sarah F
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric GI Division, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Physiol Rep. 2025 Apr;13(7):e70292. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70292.
The field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is advancing rapidly, and this review aims to synthesize the latest research connected to EVs and the gastrointestinal tract. We will address new and emerging roles for EVs derived from internal sources such as the pancreas and immune system and how these miniature messengers alter organismal health or the inflammatory response within the GI tract. We will examine what is known about external EVs from dietary and bacterial sources and the immense anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory, and proliferative potential within these nano-sized information carriers. EV interactions with the intestinal and colonic epithelium and associated immune cells at homeostatic and disease states, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) will also be covered. We will discuss how EVs are being leveraged as therapeutics or for drug delivery and conclude with a series of unanswered questions in the field.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）领域正在迅速发展，本综述旨在综合与EVs和胃肠道相关的最新研究。我们将探讨源自胰腺和免疫系统等内部来源的EVs的新出现的作用，以及这些微型信使如何改变机体健康或胃肠道内的炎症反应。我们将研究关于来自饮食和细菌来源的外部EVs的已知信息，以及这些纳米级信息载体中巨大的抗炎、免疫调节和增殖潜力。还将涵盖EVs在稳态和疾病状态下（如坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）和炎症性肠病（IBD））与肠道和结肠上皮及相关免疫细胞的相互作用。我们将讨论EVs如何被用作治疗手段或用于药物递送，并以该领域一系列未解答的问题作为结尾。
