Chen Pu, Zeng Lingfeng, Wang Ting, He Jianbo, Xiong Shuai, Chen Gang, Wang Qingfu, Chen Haiyun, Xie Jiewei
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 17;16:1549833. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1549833. eCollection 2025.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease worldwide, characterized by synovial inflammation, cartilage loss, and reactive hyperplasia of subchondral bone, affecting the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of OA remain unclear, and there is no therapy can substantially interrupt or reverse the destructive process of OA. More insight into the pathogenesis of OA may result in innovative therapeutics. The OA microenvironment plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of OA, which encompasses chondrocytes, adipocytes, synovial fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel form of intercellular communication, mediating the transfer of a range of bioactive molecules to create a specific microenvironment. Recent studies have reported that the cargos of EVs play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of OA, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, and lipids. This review systematically analyzes and summarizes the biological characteristics and functionalities of EVs derived from diverse cellular sources, especially how EVs mediate communication between different cells in the OA microenvironment, with a view to providing new insights into the pathogenesis of OA.
骨关节炎（OA）是全球最常见的退行性关节疾病，其特征为滑膜炎症、软骨丢失和软骨下骨反应性增生，影响着数亿人的生活质量。然而，OA发生和进展的分子机制仍不清楚，并且没有疗法能够实质性地阻断或逆转OA的破坏进程。对OA发病机制的更多了解可能会带来创新疗法。OA微环境在OA的发展和进展中起关键作用，其中包括软骨细胞、脂肪细胞、滑膜成纤维细胞、内皮细胞和免疫细胞。细胞外囊泡（EVs）已成为一种新型的细胞间通讯形式，介导一系列生物活性分子的传递以创建特定的微环境。最近的研究报道，EVs的货物在OA发病机制中起关键作用，包括非编码RNA（ncRNAs）、蛋白质和脂质。本综述系统地分析和总结了源自不同细胞来源的EVs的生物学特性和功能，特别是EVs如何介导OA微环境中不同细胞之间的通讯，以期为OA发病机制提供新的见解。
