Montesino-Goicolea Soamy, Valdes-Hernandez Pedro Antonio, Nin Olga, Smith Cameron, Porges Eric C, Cruz-Almeida Yenisel
Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
medRxiv. 2025 Mar 18:2025.03.17.25324131. doi: 10.1101/2025.03.17.25324131.
Our primary aim was to evaluate the agreement between subjective and objective methods of measuring sleep quality in a musculoskeletal pain sample. Secondly, we aimed to explore the relationship between subjective and objective sleep quality-and its impact on function-and clinical and experimental pain.
We assessed subjective sleep using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and objective sleep using the Oura ring-a wearable characterizing sleep stages. Participants had musculoskeletal pain (intensity>4/10 most days in past 3 months) and poor sleep (PSQI total>5). To enable direct comparisons, via correlations, between subjective and objective sleep (primary aim), we emulated the equivalent of PSQI's answers and components by averaging the appropriate Oura data over the month covered by the PSQI. We used partial correlations to assess sleep-pain relationships (second aim)-controlling for age and sex.
Answers to PSQI questions about total bedtime and sleep duration, and the PSQI duration component, correlated with their Oura equivalents, whereas PSQI failed to capture Oura's Sleep Latency, Efficiency, and Disturbances. On the other hand, PSQI total score and its sleep latency component correlated with WOMAC-pain score, MPQ scores (total, neuropathic, continuous, and intermittent) and GCPS-pain intensity, while Oura's Sleep Latency correlated with conditioned pain modulation. No significant association between Oura measures and pain was found.
The findings highlight the complementary roles of subjective and objective measures and the need for integrated approaches to refine sleep assessments in musculoskeletal pain. Future studies should investigate the causes of these discrepancies to enhance understanding of sleep-related health outcomes.
我们的主要目的是评估在肌肉骨骼疼痛样本中测量睡眠质量的主观方法和客观方法之间的一致性。其次，我们旨在探讨主观和客观睡眠质量之间的关系——及其对功能的影响——以及临床和实验性疼痛。
我们使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估主观睡眠，使用Oura戒指（一种可穿戴设备，用于表征睡眠阶段）评估客观睡眠。参与者有肌肉骨骼疼痛（在过去3个月中，大多数日子疼痛强度>4/10）且睡眠质量差（PSQI总分>5）。为了通过相关性直接比较主观和客观睡眠（主要目的），我们通过对PSQI涵盖的一个月内的适当Oura数据进行平均，模拟了与PSQI答案和组成部分等效的数据。我们使用偏相关性来评估睡眠与疼痛的关系（第二个目的）——控制年龄和性别。
PSQI关于总睡眠时间和睡眠时长的问题答案以及PSQI时长组成部分与它们在Oura中的等效数据相关，而PSQI未能捕捉到Oura的睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率和睡眠干扰情况。另一方面，PSQI总分及其睡眠潜伏期组成部分与WOMAC疼痛评分、MPQ评分（总分、神经性疼痛、持续性疼痛和间歇性疼痛）以及GCPS疼痛强度相关，而Oura的睡眠潜伏期与条件性疼痛调制相关。未发现Oura测量值与疼痛之间存在显著关联。
研究结果突出了主观和客观测量方法的互补作用，以及在肌肉骨骼疼痛中采用综合方法优化睡眠评估的必要性。未来的研究应调查这些差异的原因，以增进对与睡眠相关的健康结果的理解。
