Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
Global Brain Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 24;17(6):e0270095. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270095. eCollection 2022.
To investigate the objective sleep influencers behind older adult responses to subjective sleep measures, in this case, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that SE would be associated with PSQI reported sleep disruption. Furthermore, because SOL increases progressively with age and it tends to be easily remembered by the patients, we also expected it to be one of the main predictors of the perceived sleep quality in the elderly.
We studied 32 cognitively healthy community-dwelling older adults (age 74 ± 0.3 years) who completed an at-home sleep assessment (Zeo, Inc.) and the PSQI. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the association of the objective sleep parameters (measured by the Zeo) with the PSQI total score and sub-scores, adjusting for age, gender, years of education and likelihood of sleep apnea.
Objective sleep parameters did not show any association with the PSQI total score. We found that objective measures of Wake after sleep onset (WASO, % and min) were positively associated with the PSQI sleep disturbance component, while SE and Total Sleep Time (TST) were negatively associated with PSQI sleep disturbance. Lastly, objective SE was positively associated with PSQI SE.
Our findings showed that WASO, SE and TST, are associated with PSQI sleep disturbance, where the greater WASO, overall lower SE and less TST, were associated with increased subjective report of sleep disturbance. As expected, subjective (PSQI) and objective measures of SE were related. However, PSQI total score did not relate to any of the objective measures. These results suggest that by focusing on the PSQI total score we may miss the insight this easily administered self-report tool can provide. If interpreted in the right way, the PSQI can provide further insight into cognitively healthy older adults that have the likelihood of objective sleep disturbance.
探讨老年人对主观睡眠测量（即匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI））反应背后的客观睡眠影响因素。基于以往的文献，我们假设 SE 将与 PSQI 报告的睡眠障碍相关。此外，由于 SOL 随年龄逐渐增加且患者容易记住，我们还期望它成为老年人感知睡眠质量的主要预测因素之一。
我们研究了 32 名认知健康的社区居住老年人（年龄 74±0.3 岁），他们完成了家庭睡眠评估（Zeo，Inc.）和 PSQI。使用线性混合模型分析客观睡眠参数（由 Zeo 测量）与 PSQI 总分和子评分的关联，同时调整年龄、性别、受教育年限和睡眠呼吸暂停的可能性。
客观睡眠参数与 PSQI 总分没有任何关联。我们发现，睡眠后觉醒（WASO，%和 min）的客观测量与 PSQI 睡眠障碍成分呈正相关，而 SE 和总睡眠时间（TST）与 PSQI 睡眠障碍呈负相关。最后，客观 SE 与 PSQI SE 呈正相关。
我们的研究结果表明，WASO、SE 和 TST 与 PSQI 睡眠障碍相关，其中 WASO 越高、SE 越低、TST 越少，与主观报告的睡眠障碍增加相关。如预期的那样，主观（PSQI）和客观 SE 是相关的。然而，PSQI 总分与任何客观测量都没有关系。这些结果表明，通过关注 PSQI 总分，我们可能会错过这个易于管理的自评工具可以提供的洞察力。如果以正确的方式解释，PSQI 可以为认知健康的老年人提供进一步的洞察力，这些老年人可能存在客观的睡眠障碍。
