Erdogan Melek Almila, Kalyoncuoğlu Ülkü Tuğba, Yilmaz Erdemli Bengi
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Gulhane Dentistry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Biomaterials, Hamidiye Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Prosthodont. 2025 Jun;34(5):511-519. doi: 10.1111/jopr.14054. Epub 2025 Apr 2.
To evaluate the color changes and surface roughness of two different gingiva-colored prosthetic materials after exposure to conventional and electronic cigarettes.
A total of 60 disk shaped gingiva-colored porcelain (GC Initial MC Gum, GC Europe NV, Leuven, Belgium) and indirect composite resin (Gradia Plus Gum Shades Heavy Body, GC Europe NV, Leuven, Belgium) specimens, each measuring 2 × 10 mm, were prepared. The porcelain and indirect composite resin samples were divided into two subgroups (n = 30). The initial color and roughness values of the samples were measured. A special setup was created to simulate cigarette smoking, where the samples were placed inside and exposed to two different types of cigarette smoke. After exposure, the final color and roughness values of the samples were measured again.
After conventional cigarette exposure, porcelain specimens showed color changes of ΔEab = 7.404, ΔE00 = 7.502, and indirect composite resin specimens ΔE = 9.708, ΔE = 19.501, with significant surface roughness increases in both materials (p < 0.05). After electronic cigarette exposure, porcelain specimens had color changes of ΔEab = 1.390, ΔE00 = 1.317, and indirect composite resin samples ΔEab = 2.523, ΔE00 = 2.454. Surface roughness decreased significantly for porcelain (p < 0.05) but increased for composite resin which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
Conventional cigarette exposure resulted in more significant color changes and surface roughness increases in gingiva-colored materials compared to electronic cigarettes. Indirect composite resins demonstrated lower color stability than porcelains. Patients with gingiva-colored porcelain and composite resin restorations should be informed about color and surface roughness changes due to smoking.
评估两种不同的牙龈色修复材料在暴露于传统香烟和电子烟后颜色变化及表面粗糙度。
共制备60个盘状牙龈色瓷（GC Initial MC Gum，比利时鲁汶市GC欧洲公司）和间接复合树脂（Gradia Plus Gum Shades Heavy Body，比利时鲁汶市GC欧洲公司）样本，每个样本尺寸为2×10毫米。将瓷样本和间接复合树脂样本分为两个亚组（每组n = 30）。测量样本的初始颜色和粗糙度值。创建一个特殊装置来模拟吸烟，将样本置于其中并暴露于两种不同类型的香烟烟雾中。暴露后，再次测量样本的最终颜色和粗糙度值。
暴露于传统香烟后，瓷样本的颜色变化为ΔEab = 7.404，ΔE00 = 7.502，间接复合树脂样本的ΔE = 9.708，ΔE = 19.501，两种材料的表面粗糙度均显著增加（p < 0.05）。暴露于电子烟后，瓷样本的颜色变化为ΔEab = 1.390，ΔE00 = 1.317，间接复合树脂样本的ΔEab = 2.523，ΔE00 = 2.454。瓷样本的表面粗糙度显著降低（p < 0.05），而复合树脂样本的表面粗糙度增加，但无统计学意义（p > 0.05）。
与电子烟相比，传统香烟暴露导致牙龈色材料的颜色变化和表面粗糙度增加更为显著。间接复合树脂的颜色稳定性低于瓷材料。应告知佩戴牙龈色瓷和复合树脂修复体的患者吸烟会导致颜色和表面粗糙度变化。
