Wang Xudong, Wang Meng, Guo Zijian, Xiang Chuan
Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Mar 18;12:1527771. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1527771. eCollection 2025.
The connection between plain water intake (PWI) and osteoporosis risk is still unclear. The investigation aimed to identify the relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals in the United States (US).
This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged 50 years and older in the following waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018. The relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk was examined by multivariable logistic regression models, accompanied by subgroup analyses and interaction tests. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were utilized.
The present investigation included 6,686 participants. In accordance with the fully adjusted model, individuals in the highest PWI tertile had a significantly reduced risk of osteoporosis in contrast to those in the lowest tertile [odds ratio (OR) = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.77; for trend<0.001]. After adjusting for all covariates, a higher PWI was linked to a decreased risk of osteoporosis (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.98; = 0.008). No significant interactions were detected in the subgroup analyses for age, gender, race, body mass index, diabetic history, hypertension status, smoking history, consumption of prednisone or cortisone, or moderate or strenuous activity (all for interaction>0.05). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis revealed that when PWI was less than 1,220 mL/day, there was a significant negative connection between PWI and osteoporosis risk (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70-0.89; < 0.001); nevertheless that association was not significant when PWI was greater than 1,220 mL/day (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95-1.17; = 0.288).
The outcomes of our investigation indicated that among middle-aged and older US adults, a higher PWI was connected with a moderately reduced osteoporosis risk. Managing PWI might reduce the osteoporosis risk.
普通水摄入量（PWI）与骨质疏松症风险之间的联系仍不明确。本研究旨在确定美国中年及老年人群中PWI与骨质疏松症风险之间的关系。
本横断面研究在2007 - 2008年、2009 - 2010年、2013 - 2014年以及2017 - 2018年的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）后续几轮中，对50岁及以上的参与者进行。通过多变量逻辑回归模型检验PWI与骨质疏松症风险之间的关系，并进行亚组分析和交互作用检验。采用平滑曲线拟合和阈值效应分析。
本研究纳入了6686名参与者。根据完全调整模型，与PWI最低三分位数组的个体相比，PWI最高三分位数组的个体患骨质疏松症的风险显著降低[比值比（OR）=0.62；95%置信区间（CI）：0.49 - 0.77；趋势P<0.001]。在调整所有协变量后，较高的PWI与较低的骨质疏松症风险相关（OR = 0.92；95% CI：0.86 - 0.98；P = 0.008）。在年龄、性别、种族、体重指数、糖尿病史、高血压状态、吸烟史、泼尼松或可的松的使用情况，或中度或剧烈活动的亚组分析中，未检测到显著的交互作用（所有交互作用P>0.05）。平滑曲线拟合和阈值效应分析显示，当PWI低于1220毫升/天时，PWI与骨质疏松症风险之间存在显著的负相关（OR = 0.79；95% CI：0.70 - 0.89；P<0.001）；然而，当PWI高于1220毫升/天时，这种关联并不显著（OR = 1.06；95% CI：0.95 - 1.17；P = 0.288）。
我们的研究结果表明，在美国中年及老年成年人中，较高的PWI与骨质疏松症风险适度降低相关。控制PWI可能会降低骨质疏松症风险。
