Baye Assefa Mulu, Fenta Teferi Gedif, Karuranga Suvi, Nnakenyi Ifeyinwa Dorothy, Young Ekenechukwu Esther, Palmer Colin, Pearson Ewan R, Ulasi Ifeoma Isabella, Dawed Adem Y
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
J Diabetes. 2025 Apr;17(4):e70078. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.70078.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes and the clinical profiles of Type 2 diabetes in Ethiopia and Nigeria.
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from November 01, 2020 to October 21, 2021 among 1727 participants using a multistage sampling method. The WHO's STEPs tool was employed. Both fasting and oral glucose tolerance tests were used for screening and American Diabetes Association's (ADA's) diagnostic criteria was used. Stata version 17 was used for analysis. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Chi-square test were used to compare variables. Significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05.
Of the surveyed participants, 872 (50.5%) were men and the mean age was 44.6 years. The overall prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes was 15.8% and 7.0%, respectively. Impaired fasting glycaemia and glucose tolerance were 11.8% and 11.5%, respectively. The prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes was 3.4% by fasting and 4.0% by oral glucose tolerance test. Participants with normal blood glucose were younger and had a lower weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, diastolic, and systolic blood pressure, and history of hypertension than those with prediabetes and diabetes.
In the present study, there is a notably high diabetes and prediabetes prevalence in the study settings. Individuals with diabetes in Ethiopia compared to Nigeria and the West have different anthropometric and clinical profiles characterized by a young age of onset, leanness, lower BMI, and waist circumference. Hence, the management of diabetes shall be tailored to the unique physiologic and clinical profiles of the population.
我们旨在确定埃塞俄比亚和尼日利亚糖尿病的患病率以及2型糖尿病的临床特征。
2020年11月1日至2021年10月21日，采用多阶段抽样方法，对1727名参与者进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。使用了世界卫生组织的“STEPS”工具。采用空腹和口服葡萄糖耐量试验进行筛查，并采用美国糖尿病协会（ADA）的诊断标准。使用Stata 17版进行分析。采用方差分析（ANOVA）和卡方检验比较变量。p值小于0.05时具有统计学意义。
在接受调查的参与者中，872人（50.5%）为男性，平均年龄为44.6岁。糖尿病前期和糖尿病的总体患病率分别为15.8%和7.0%。空腹血糖受损和糖耐量受损分别为11.8%和11.5%。通过空腹诊断的新诊断糖尿病患病率为3.4%，通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验诊断的为4.0%。血糖正常的参与者比糖尿病前期和糖尿病患者更年轻，体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰围、舒张压和收缩压更低，且高血压病史更少。
在本研究中，研究地区的糖尿病和糖尿病前期患病率显著较高。与尼日利亚和西方国家相比，埃塞俄比亚的糖尿病患者具有不同的人体测量和临床特征，其特点是发病年龄较轻、体型偏瘦、BMI和腰围较低。因此，糖尿病的管理应根据人群独特的生理和临床特征进行调整。
