Cabral Daniel A R, Nist Anthony N, Fontes Rafaela M, Bruckner Laura E, Bovo Ana Carolina L, Bickel Warren K
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States of America.
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, United States of America.
Eat Behav. 2025 Apr;57:101972. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101972. Epub 2025 Mar 31.
Research on poor eating habits among individuals recovering from substance use disorders (SUD) is limited. This study examines the relationship between poor eating habits, delay discounting (DD), quality of life (QOL), and remission status, in addition to examining DD as a mediator of the relationship between poor eating and QOL.
Participants (n = 257) in recovery from SUD, completed the Health Behaviors Questionnaire (poor eating was measured using the food domain), a DD task, the World Health Organization QOL questionnaire, demographics, and SUD-related questions. Multivariate linear regression was used to test associations between poor eating and DD, as well as each QOL domain. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the role of DD in the relationship between poor eating and QOL. A binary logistic regression was used to test associations between poor eating and remission status, as well as DD and remission status.
Poor eating habits were significantly associated with higher rates of DD (β = 0.08, p < .001) and lower QOL across psychological (β = -0.88, p < .001, only for those in remission), physical (β = -0.58, p < .001), and environmental (β = -0.75, p < .001) domains. Additionally, DD significantly mediated the relationship between poor eating habits and reduced QOL in these domains (ꞵs < -0.08, ps < 0.003). Poor eating (ꞵ = 0.05, p = .014; OR = 1.05, p = .012) and high DD rates (ꞵ = 0.12, p = .049; OR = 1.12, p = .038) were associated with a lower likelihood of remission from SUD.
Our findings highlight the integral role of dietary habits in the recovery trajectory of individuals with SUD. The study supports the need for holistic treatment approaches that consider the impacts of nutrition on both psychological and physiological aspects of recovery.
关于物质使用障碍（SUD）康复者不良饮食习惯的研究有限。本研究除了检验延迟折扣（DD）作为不良饮食与生活质量（QOL）之间关系的中介因素外，还考察了不良饮食习惯、延迟折扣、生活质量和缓解状态之间的关系。
SUD康复参与者（n = 257）完成了健康行为问卷（使用食物领域测量不良饮食）、一项DD任务、世界卫生组织生活质量问卷、人口统计学和与SUD相关的问题。多元线性回归用于检验不良饮食与DD以及每个生活质量领域之间的关联。进行中介分析以评估DD在不良饮食与生活质量关系中的作用。二元逻辑回归用于检验不良饮食与缓解状态以及DD与缓解状态之间的关联。
不良饮食习惯与较高的DD率（β = 0.08，p <.001）以及心理（β = -0.88，p <.001，仅适用于缓解者）、身体（β = -0.58，p <.001）和环境（β = -0.75，p <.001）领域较低的生活质量显著相关。此外，DD在这些领域显著中介了不良饮食习惯与生活质量降低之间的关系（βs < -0.08，ps < 0.003）。不良饮食（β = 0.05，p =.014；OR = 1.05，p =.012）和高DD率（β = 0.12，p =.049；OR = 1.12，p =.038）与SUD缓解的可能性较低相关。
我们的研究结果突出了饮食习惯在SUD患者康复轨迹中的重要作用。该研究支持需要采取整体治疗方法，考虑营养对康复心理和生理方面的影响。
