Gorenshtein Alon, Shihada Kamel, Leibovitch Liron, Liba Tom, Goren Avner
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel.
Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Acta Neurol Belg. 2025 Apr 3. doi: 10.1007/s13760-025-02779-y.
Recent studies suggest a link between gut microbiota and neurological diseases, implicating the microbiome's role in neurological health. However, the specific alterations in the microbiome associated with migraine remain underexplored. This study aims to systematically review the existing literature to determine whether migraine patients are associated with changes in gut microbiota composition.
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. We included original empirical studies investigating the microbiome in migraine patients. Data extracted included study design, participant demographics, microbiome differences at various taxonomic levels, and measures of microbial diversity (alpha and beta diversity). The search and selection process involved four independent reviewers who assessed abstracts and full texts to ensure eligibility. The gut microbiota was evaluated using relative abundance and diversity indices.
Six studies, encompassing various regions including China, Korea, and Italy, were included in the analysis. The results indicated significant differences in gut microbiota between migraine patients and controls. Key findings include a reduction in Faecalibacterium, a genus known for its anti-inflammatory properties, in migraine patients, including those with chronic migraine. Conversely, Veillonella exhibited elevated abundance compared to controls. Other taxa, such as Prevotella and Parabacteroides, showed variable associations with migraine across different studies, suggesting a dysbiotic gut environment in migraine patients.
This review highlights that migraines are associated with specific alterations in gut microbiota, including decreased microbial diversity and changes in the abundance of key taxa. These findings suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a role in migraine pathophysiology. Further research is needed to explore the potential causal relationships and therapeutic implications, particularly targeting the microbiome in migraine management.
近期研究表明肠道微生物群与神经系统疾病之间存在联系，这意味着微生物群在神经健康中发挥作用。然而，与偏头痛相关的微生物群的具体变化仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在系统回顾现有文献，以确定偏头痛患者是否与肠道微生物群组成的变化有关。
根据PRISMA声明进行系统回顾。我们纳入了调查偏头痛患者微生物群的原始实证研究。提取的数据包括研究设计、参与者人口统计学、不同分类水平上的微生物群差异以及微生物多样性指标（α和β多样性）。搜索和筛选过程由四名独立评审员进行，他们评估摘要和全文以确保符合条件。使用相对丰度和多样性指数评估肠道微生物群。
分析纳入了六项研究，涵盖中国、韩国和意大利等不同地区。结果表明偏头痛患者与对照组之间的肠道微生物群存在显著差异。主要发现包括，在偏头痛患者（包括慢性偏头痛患者）中，具有抗炎特性的粪杆菌属减少。相反，与对照组相比，韦荣球菌属的丰度升高。其他分类群，如普雷沃氏菌属和副拟杆菌属，在不同研究中与偏头痛的关联各不相同，这表明偏头痛患者存在肠道生态失调的环境。
本综述强调偏头痛与肠道微生物群的特定变化有关，包括微生物多样性降低和关键分类群丰度的改变。这些发现表明肠道微生物群失调可能在偏头痛的病理生理学中起作用。需要进一步研究以探索潜在的因果关系和治疗意义，特别是针对偏头痛管理中的微生物群。
