Huang Chunfeng, Wang Xiaoai, Gao Yanping, Jiang Xue, Wang Lingling, Ou Xiaohong, Wang Yanhong, Zhou Tao, Yuan Qing-Song
Guizhou Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Resource-Efficient Utilization of Dao-di Herbs, Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
BMC Genomics. 2025 Apr 2;26(1):332. doi: 10.1186/s12864-025-11527-8.
Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm. is a member of the Caryophyllaceae family, in which dried tuberous root is the well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a widespread food ingredient in Asia. In recent years, the large-scale cultivation of P. heterophylla has led to frequent infectious diseases caused by multiple pathogens. However, efficient and safe approaches for preventing and managing P. heterophylla diseases have become urgent for this high-quality industrial development. Herein, a culturable microbiome of diseased P. heterophylla rhizosphere soil was constructed, and the broad-spectrum antifungal activity of Pseudomonas was screened. Three P. palleroniana strains, B-BH16-1, B-JK4-1, and HP-YBB-1B, were isolated and identified with vigorous antifungal activity by confrontation method. We employed the PacBio RS II single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing and Illumina sequencing methods to obtain the genome of these three isolates. Phylogenetic, synteny, and ANI analysis showed that the lineage between strain B-JK4-1 with B-BH16-1 or HY-YBB-1B was closer than that between strain B-BH16-1 with HP-YBB-1B. The comparative genome of strains B-BH16-1, B-JK4-1, and HP-YBB-1B showed marked differences in secondary metabolite biosynthesis genes among these three P. palleroniana strains. Strain B-BH16-1, B-JK4-1, and HP-YBB-1 produced tolaasin I/tolaasin F (23 genes), sessilin A (37 genes), and putisolvin (39 genes), respectively. CAZyme analysis showed that 126, 129, and 127 CAZymes were identified in strains B-BH16-1, B-JK4-1, and HP-YBB-1B genomes, which genes in auxiliary activities (AA), carbohydrate esterases (CE), and glycosyl transferases (GT) categories were different among these three strains. These results provide new insights into the divergent antifungal metabolites in pathogen-driven three P. palleroniana strains against primary pathogens of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.
太子参（Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm.）是石竹科的一种植物，其干燥块根是著名的传统中药，也是亚洲广泛使用的食品原料。近年来，太子参的大规模种植导致多种病原体引发的传染病频发。然而，对于这种高质量产业发展而言，高效且安全的太子参病害防治方法已变得十分紧迫。在此，构建了患病太子参根际土壤的可培养微生物群落，并筛选了假单胞菌的广谱抗真菌活性。通过对峙法分离并鉴定了三株具有强抗真菌活性的苍白杆菌（P. palleroniana）菌株，即B - BH16 - 1、B - JK4 - 1和HP - YBB - 1B。我们采用PacBio RS II单分子实时（SMRT）测序和Illumina测序方法来获取这三株分离株的基因组。系统发育、共线性和ANI分析表明，菌株B - JK4 - 1与B - BH16 - 1或HY - YBB - 1B之间的亲缘关系比菌株B - BH16 - 1与HP - YBB - 1B之间更近。菌株B - BH16 - 1、B - JK4 - 1和HP - YBB - 1B的比较基因组显示，这三株苍白杆菌菌株在次生代谢物生物合成基因方面存在显著差异。菌株B - BH16 - 1、B - JK4 - 1和HP - YBB - 1分别产生托拉辛I/托拉辛F（23个基因）、塞西琳A（37个基因）和腐皮镰刀菌醇（39个基因）。碳水化合物活性酶（CAZyme）分析表明，在菌株B - BH16 - 1、B - JK4 - 1和HP - YBB - 1B的基因组中分别鉴定出126、129和127种CAZyme，这三个菌株在辅助活性（AA）、碳水化合物酯酶（CE）和糖基转移酶（GT）类别中的基因不同。这些结果为病原体驱动的三株苍白杆菌菌株针对太子参主要病原体产生的不同抗真菌代谢产物提供了新的见解。
