Dyary Hiewa Othman
Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, New Sulaimani, Street 27, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Poult Sci. 2025 Mar 11;104(6):105022. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.105022.
Newcastle disease (ND), caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), has no approved therapy, and vaccination often fails to eradicate infection in endemic areas. In this study, the antiviral effect of remdesivir was tested against experimental ND in broilers. First, the NDV was isolated and identified from an outbreak in a broiler farm in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Then, it was propagated in embryonated chicken eggs, and its median embryo lethal dose (ELD) was determined. This ELD was used to infect broilers when the antiviral effect of remdesivir was tested. Forty-eight Ross-308 broiler chicks were assigned into six equal groups. Group 1 was the negative control and did not undergo any treatment. Group two (positive control) was intranasally infected with NDV when the chicks reached 17 days and left without treatment. Groups 3 to 5 were infected with the virus on day 17 and treated with remdesivir at 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and 6 mg/kg, respectively. Remdesivir treatment started simultaneous with the experimental infection, and the drug was administered twice daily for seven days through the subcutaneous route at the chest area. Group 6 administered remdesivir at 6 mg/kg twice daily for seven days without infection. The survival rate in the groups treated with 4 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg remdesivir was 100 %, and the chicks were free from the virus after two weeks. Remdesivir inhibits NDV infection in broilers when administered simultaneously with the virus.
新城疫（ND）由新城疫病毒（NDV）引起，目前尚无获批的治疗方法，在流行地区接种疫苗也常常无法根除感染。在本研究中，测试了瑞德西韦对肉鸡实验性新城疫的抗病毒效果。首先，从伊拉克苏莱曼尼亚一个肉鸡场的疫情中分离并鉴定出新城疫病毒。然后，将其在鸡胚中传代，并测定其半数胚胎致死剂量（ELD）。在测试瑞德西韦的抗病毒效果时，用该ELD来感染肉鸡。48只罗斯308肉鸡雏鸡被分为6个相等的组。第1组为阴性对照，未接受任何处理。第2组（阳性对照）在雏鸡17日龄时经鼻内感染新城疫病毒，不进行治疗。第3至5组在第17天感染病毒，并分别用2mg/kg、4mg/kg和6mg/kg的瑞德西韦进行治疗。瑞德西韦治疗与实验性感染同时开始，药物通过胸部皮下途径每天给药两次，持续7天。第6组在未感染的情况下每天两次给予6mg/kg的瑞德西韦，持续7天。用4mg/kg和6mg/kg瑞德西韦治疗的组的存活率为100%，两周后雏鸡体内没有病毒。在与病毒同时给药时，瑞德西韦可抑制肉鸡的新城疫病毒感染。
