养猪场耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌控制的干预策略:综述
Intervention strategies for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus control in pig farming: a comprehensive review.
作者信息
Sawodny Susanne, Käsbohrer Annemarie, Bröker Laura, Firth Clair, Marschik Tatiana
机构信息
Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Unit Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
Porcine Health Manag. 2025 Apr 3;11(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s40813-025-00435-8.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious public health threat due to its zoonotic potential and resistance to several antibiotic classes. Pig farming is recognized as a key reservoir for livestock-associated MRSA, necessitating effective intervention strategies to mitigate its prevalence. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize the current knowledge on the approaches to control MRSA on pig farms. The review process involved a comprehensive search across three electronic databases focusing on studies from 2000 to 2024 in both English and German.The review covers intervention measures including reduced antimicrobial use, cleaning and disinfection, air filtration, and bacteriophage application. Key findings indicate that, while interventions such as cleaning and disinfection and air filtration, can effectively reduce environmental MRSA loads, these measures are often insufficient for long-term control due to frequent recontamination, especially restocking with MRSA-positive animals. Eradication was shown to be effective in low-prevalence regions such as Norway, however, logistical and ethical challenges limit its feasibility in areas with high MRSA prevalence. Additional interventions, such as reduced antimicrobial use and sow washing, provided inconsistent results.Overall, the findings highlight the need for a multifaceted approach, combining several interventions tailored to regional MRSA prevalence, farm management practices, and available resources. Such an integrated strategy is essential for sustainable MRSA control in pig farming, thereby supporting the global One Health initiative aimed at mitigating antimicrobial resistance.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)因其人畜共患病潜力和对多种抗生素类别的耐药性,对公共卫生构成严重威胁。养猪业被认为是与家畜相关的MRSA的主要储存库,因此需要有效的干预策略来降低其流行率。本叙述性综述的目的是总结目前关于猪场控制MRSA方法的知识。综述过程涉及对三个电子数据库进行全面检索,重点关注2000年至2024年的英文和德文研究。该综述涵盖了包括减少抗菌药物使用、清洁和消毒、空气过滤以及噬菌体应用在内的干预措施。主要研究结果表明,虽然清洁和消毒以及空气过滤等干预措施可以有效降低环境中的MRSA载量,但由于频繁的再污染,特别是引入MRSA阳性动物进行补栏,这些措施往往不足以实现长期控制。在挪威等低流行地区,根除措施被证明是有效的,然而,后勤和伦理方面的挑战限制了其在MRSA高流行地区的可行性。其他干预措施,如减少抗菌药物使用和母猪清洗,效果并不一致。总体而言,研究结果强调需要采取多方面的方法,结合针对区域MRSA流行率、农场管理实践和可用资源量身定制的多种干预措施。这样一种综合策略对于猪场可持续控制MRSA至关重要,从而支持旨在减轻抗菌药物耐药性的全球“同一个健康”倡议。