Zheng Ke, Martinez Maria Del Pilar, Bouzid Maroua, Balparda Manuel, Schwarzländer Markus, Maurino Veronica G
Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, Münster, 48145, Germany.
Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Cellular Molecular Botany (IZMB), University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, Bonn, 53115, Germany.
Plant J. 2025 Apr;122(1):e70142. doi: 10.1111/tpj.70142.
Plant glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are key pathways of central carbon metabolism. They facilitate energy transformation, provide redox balance, and supply the building blocks for biosynthetic processes that underpin plant survival, growth, and productivity. Yet, rather than acting as static pathways, the fluxes that are mediated by the enzymes involved form a branched network. Flux modes can change flexibly to match cellular demands and environmental fluctuations. Several of the enzymes involved in glycolysis and the TCA cycle have been identified as targets of posttranslational modifications (PTMs). PTMs can act as regulators to facilitate changes in flux by rapidly and reversibly altering enzyme organization and function. Consequently, PTMs enable plants to rapidly adjust their metabolic flux landscape, match energy and precursor provision with the changeable needs, and enhance overall metabolic flexibility. Here, we review the impact of different PTMs on glycolytic and TCA cycle enzymes, focusing on modifications that induce functional changes rather than the mere occurrence of PTMs at specific sites. By synthesizing recent findings, we provide a foundation for a system-level understanding of how PTMs choreograph the remarkable flexibility of plant central carbon metabolism.
植物糖酵解和三羧酸（TCA）循环是中心碳代谢的关键途径。它们促进能量转化，提供氧化还原平衡，并为支撑植物生存、生长和生产力的生物合成过程提供构件。然而，参与其中的酶所介导的通量并非形成静态途径，而是构成一个分支网络。通量模式可以灵活变化以匹配细胞需求和环境波动。糖酵解和TCA循环中涉及的几种酶已被确定为翻译后修饰（PTM）的靶点。PTM可作为调节剂，通过快速且可逆地改变酶的结构和功能来促进通量变化。因此，PTM使植物能够快速调整其代谢通量格局，使能量和前体供应与多变的需求相匹配，并增强整体代谢灵活性。在此，我们综述了不同PTM对糖酵解和TCA循环酶的影响，重点关注诱导功能变化的修饰，而非仅仅关注特定位点PTM的发生情况。通过综合近期研究结果，我们为系统层面理解PTM如何编排植物中心碳代谢的显著灵活性奠定了基础。
