Zhao Yixuan, Yue Rensong
Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610072, P. R. China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Apr 4;17(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01678-9.
White adipose tissue (WAT) is highly flexible and was previously considered a passive location for energy storage. Its endocrine function has been established for several years, earning it the title of an "endocrine organ" due to its ability to secrete many adipokines that regulate metabolism. WAT is one of the core tissues that influence insulin sensitivity. Its dysfunction enhances insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) progression. However, T2D may cause WAT dysfunction, including changes in distribution, metabolism, adipocyte hypertrophy, inflammation, aging, and adipokines and free fatty acid levels, which may exacerbate insulin resistance. This review used PubMed to search WAT dysfunction in T2D and the effects of these changes on insulin resistance. Additionally, we described and discussed the effects of antidiabetic drugs, including insulin therapy, sulfonylureas, metformin, glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, thiazolidinediones, and sodium-dependent glucose transporters-2 inhibitors, on WAT parameters under T2D conditions.
白色脂肪组织（WAT）具有高度的灵活性，以前被认为是能量储存的被动场所。其内分泌功能已被确立多年，因其能够分泌多种调节代谢的脂肪因子而被誉为“内分泌器官”。WAT是影响胰岛素敏感性的核心组织之一。其功能障碍会增强胰岛素抵抗并促进2型糖尿病（T2D）的进展。然而，T2D可能会导致WAT功能障碍，包括分布、代谢、脂肪细胞肥大、炎症、衰老以及脂肪因子和游离脂肪酸水平的变化，这可能会加剧胰岛素抵抗。本综述利用PubMed搜索T2D中的WAT功能障碍以及这些变化对胰岛素抵抗的影响。此外，我们描述并讨论了抗糖尿病药物，包括胰岛素治疗、磺脲类药物、二甲双胍、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂、噻唑烷二酮类药物和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂，在T2D条件下对WAT参数的影响。
