Department of Pathology, Mona Campus, University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
Mona Academy of Sport, Mona Campus, University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 16;22(14):7644. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147644.
Many approaches have been used in the effective management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A recent paradigm shift has focused on the role of adipose tissues in the development and treatment of the disease. Brown adipose tissues (BAT) and white adipose tissues (WAT) are the two main types of adipose tissues with beige subsets more recently identified. They play key roles in communication and insulin sensitivity. However, WAT has been shown to contribute significantly to endocrine function. WAT produces hormones and cytokines, collectively called adipocytokines, such as leptin and adiponectin. These adipocytokines have been proven to vary in conditions, such as metabolic dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, or inflammation. The regulation of fat storage, energy metabolism, satiety, and insulin release are all features of adipose tissues. As such, they are indicators that may provide insights on the development of metabolic dysfunction or type 2 diabetes and can be considered routes for therapeutic considerations. The essential roles of adipocytokines vis-a-vis satiety, appetite, regulation of fat storage and energy, glucose tolerance, and insulin release, solidifies adipose tissue role in the development and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and the complications associated with the disease.
许多方法已被用于有效管理 2 型糖尿病。最近的范式转变集中在脂肪组织在疾病发展和治疗中的作用。棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 和白色脂肪组织 (WAT) 是两种主要的脂肪组织类型，最近又发现了米色亚群。它们在沟通和胰岛素敏感性方面发挥着关键作用。然而，WAT 已被证明对内分泌功能有重大贡献。WAT 产生激素和细胞因子，统称为脂肪细胞因子，如瘦素和脂联素。这些脂肪细胞因子已被证明在代谢功能障碍、2 型糖尿病或炎症等情况下会发生变化。脂肪储存、能量代谢、饱腹感和胰岛素释放的调节都是脂肪组织的特征。因此，它们是可能提供代谢功能障碍或 2 型糖尿病发展见解的指标，也可以被认为是治疗考虑的途径。脂肪细胞因子在饱腹感、食欲、脂肪储存和能量调节、葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素释放方面的重要作用，巩固了脂肪组织在糖尿病及其相关疾病发病机制中的作用。
