Yu Xin, Zhang Yunfeng, Chen Sumin, Chen Shuyi, Wan Caijing, Wang Ying, Zou Liang, Peng Lianxin, Ye Lei, Li Qiang
Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jul 15;492:138165. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138165. Epub 2025 Apr 3.
The harm caused by microplastics to the environment and human body has become a hot issue, and screening for microorganisms that potentially degrade microplastics is urgently needed. This study is the first to use Auricularia auricula, Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus cornucopiae to degrade PS-MPs. After 50 d of degradation, the average degradation rate was approximately 7.494 %, with the highest degradation rate of Pleurotus ostreatus being 16.17 ± 8.87 %. In addition, the ability of five edible fungi to degrade PS-MPs was confirmed through characterization methods such as scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Finally, for the first time, through the transcriptome and proteome, the genes Cluster-409.10597, Cluster-409.502, and Cluster-409.6781, along with other genes involved in the degradation of PS-MPs in Pleurotus ostreatus, were identified as Extradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenases, Acyl transferase/acyl hydrolase/lysophospholipase, and other enzymes. Additionally, the Ascorbate and Peroxisomes metabolic pathways, which play a role in aldarate metabolism, were also identified. This study is the first multiomic joint analysis of the degradation mechanism of Pleurotus ostreatus, laying a theoretical foundation for a more comprehensive understanding of the degradation of PS-MPs by edible fungi and broadening the directions for the application of edible fungal resources as engineered fungi.
微塑料对环境和人体造成的危害已成为一个热点问题，迫切需要筛选出具有潜在降解微塑料能力的微生物。本研究首次利用黑木耳、平菇、灵芝、肺形侧耳和白灵侧耳来降解聚苯乙烯微塑料。经过50天的降解，平均降解率约为7.494%，其中平菇的降解率最高，为16.17±8.87%。此外，通过扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱等表征方法证实了5种食用菌降解聚苯乙烯微塑料的能力。最后，首次通过转录组和蛋白质组，鉴定出平菇中参与降解聚苯乙烯微塑料的Cluster-409.10597、Cluster-409.502和Cluster-409.6781等基因以及其他基因分别为双加氧酶、酰基转移酶/酰基水解酶/溶血磷脂酶等酶。此外，还鉴定出在醛糖代谢中发挥作用的抗坏血酸和过氧化物酶体代谢途径。本研究首次对平菇降解机制进行多组学联合分析，为更全面了解食用菌对聚苯乙烯微塑料的降解作用奠定了理论基础，拓宽了食用菌资源作为工程真菌的应用方向。
