Etienne Floriane, Lurier Thibaut, Yugueros-Marcos Javier, Pereira Mateus Ana Luisa
Antimicrobial Resistance and Veterinary Products Department, World Organisation for Animal Health, Paris, France; VetAgro Sup, University of Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, University of Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2025 Aug;66(2):107505. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2025.107505. Epub 2025 Apr 4.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global threat to the health of humans, animals and plants, as well as the environment. In recent years, attention has increasingly focused on the role of antimicrobials as growth promoter (AGPs) in livestock. While the mechanism of action of AGPs is still poorly understood, mounting evidence suggests a link between AGP use and AMR. Consequently, several countries and regions have restricted/banned AGP use in livestock. However, such efforts encounter political, financial, social, and cultural challenges. This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of AGP use on AMR in food-producing animals and focused on the emergence of phenotypic resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from livestock exposed to AGPs. Overall, 7000 studies were screened at title, abstract and full text; from these, 10 were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review. Among the 10 selected studies, seven noted significant increase of AMR associated with AGP use. Significantly increased resistance levels to Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials for human health such as ceftiofur, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid were observed among other antimicrobials. However, the studies revealed high risk of bias underscoring the need for further research. This review provides a deeper understanding of the consequences of AGP use and occurrence of AMR. It highlights the need for implementing efficient surveillance systems and fostering research into suitable alternatives to AGPs. A shift to sustainable husbandry practices including responsible AMU while safeguarding animal health, productivity and farmers' livelihoods are essential for successful policy implementation.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）对人类、动物、植物的健康以及环境构成了全球性威胁。近年来，人们越来越关注抗菌药物作为家畜生长促进剂（AGPs）所起的作用。虽然AGPs的作用机制仍知之甚少，但越来越多的证据表明AGPs的使用与AMR之间存在联系。因此，一些国家和地区已限制/禁止在家畜中使用AGPs。然而，这些努力面临着政治、财政、社会和文化方面的挑战。本系统综述旨在调查AGPs的使用对产食用动物中AMR的影响，并聚焦于从接触AGPs的家畜中分离出的大肠杆菌中表型耐药性的出现。总体而言，共筛选了7000项研究的标题、摘要和全文；其中，10项被认为符合纳入本综述的条件。在所选的10项研究中，7项指出与AGPs的使用相关的AMR显著增加。在其他抗菌药物中，观察到对头孢噻呋、头孢噻肟、环丙沙星和萘啶酸等对人类健康至关重要的最高优先级抗菌药物的耐药水平显著提高。然而，这些研究显示出较高的偏倚风险，突出了进一步研究的必要性。本综述更深入地了解了AGPs使用的后果和AMR的发生情况。它强调了实施有效监测系统以及促进对AGPs合适替代品的研究的必要性。转向可持续养殖方式，包括在保障动物健康、生产力和农民生计的同时负责任地使用抗菌药物，对于成功实施政策至关重要。
