Jiang Nanyi, Liang Xuerui, Dang Xiangwei, Li Yanlei, Yang Shiguang, Liang Xingdong, Han Tongyan
National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 6;15(1):11800. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95542-5.
Non-contact, rapid and accurate measurement of respiratory rates (RR) and heart rates (HR) in neonates has significant clinical importance. Existing methods predominantly focus on thoracic respiratory signal measurement. This thoracic-focused approach, when applied to neonates who exhibit predominantly abdominal breathing, leads to a low signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) that compromises the accuracy of RR measurement compared with using abdominal signal. Moreover, neonatal and staff motion in clinical environments pose challenges for the robustness of monitoring systems. In this paper, a method for the separation of thoracic and abdominal measurements based on MIMO radar is proposed to make use of the RR information contained within the abdominal signal, while extracting HR information from thoracic signal, in which case RR can be extracted more precisely from abdominal signal with a high SIR. In order to ensure proper separation of radar beams under the interference from neonatal and staff motion, this paper presents an integrated measurement system that combines a monocular camera and MIMO radar to achieve precise and real-time guidance for the radar beams. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in RR measurement accuracy and system robustness. We report maximum root mean square errors of 2.16 Beats Per Minute(BPM) for RR measurements and 3.54 BPM for HR measurements.
非接触、快速且准确地测量新生儿的呼吸频率（RR）和心率（HR）具有重要的临床意义。现有方法主要集中于胸部呼吸信号测量。这种以胸部为重点的方法，应用于主要表现为腹式呼吸的新生儿时，与使用腹部信号相比，会导致信干比（SIR）较低，从而影响RR测量的准确性。此外，临床环境中的新生儿和医护人员的活动对监测系统的鲁棒性构成挑战。本文提出了一种基于多输入多输出（MIMO）雷达的胸部和腹部测量分离方法，以利用腹部信号中包含的RR信息，同时从胸部信号中提取HR信息，在这种情况下，可以从具有高SIR的腹部信号中更精确地提取RR。为了在新生儿和医护人员活动的干扰下确保雷达波束的正确分离，本文提出了一种集成测量系统，该系统结合了单目相机和MIMO雷达，以实现对雷达波束的精确实时引导。实验结果表明，RR测量精度和系统鲁棒性有显著提高。我们报告RR测量的最大均方根误差为每分钟2.16次心跳（BPM），HR测量的最大均方根误差为3.54 BPM。
