Koevoet Damian, Van Zantwijk Laura, Naber Marnix, Mathôt Sebastiaan, van der Stigchel Stefan, Strauch Christoph
Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Elife. 2025 Apr 7;13:RP97760. doi: 10.7554/eLife.97760.
What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects the effort associated with making a saccade ('saccade costs'). Here, we demonstrate saccade costs to critically drive saccade selection: when choosing between any two saccade directions, the least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes in two additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut costly directions. This suggests that the eye-movement system and other cognitive operations consume similar resources that are flexibly allocated among each other as cognitive demand changes. Together, we argue that eye-movement behavior is tuned to adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.
是什么决定了眼睛的移动方向？我们最近发现，瞳孔大小作为一种公认的努力程度指标，也反映了与扫视相关的努力（“扫视成本”）。在这里，我们证明了扫视成本对扫视选择起着关键驱动作用：在任意两个扫视方向之间进行选择时，成本最低的方向始终是首选。令人惊讶的是，在另外两个实验的自然场景搜索过程中，这一原则依然成立。当通过听觉计数任务实验性地增加认知需求时，参与者的扫视次数减少，尤其是减少了高成本的扫视方向。这表明，眼动系统和其他认知操作消耗的是类似的资源，这些资源会随着认知需求的变化而在彼此之间灵活分配。我们共同认为，眼动行为经过调整，以自适应地将扫视固有的努力降至最低。
