Jamadar Sharna D, Behler Anna, Deery Hamish, Breakspear Michael
School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science, and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2025 Jan 13. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.010.
Cognition and behavior are emergent properties of brain systems that seek to maximize complex and adaptive behaviors while minimizing energy utilization. Different species reconcile this trade-off in different ways, but in humans the outcome is biased towards complex behaviors and hence relatively high energy use. However, even in energy-intensive brains, numerous parsimonious processes operate to optimize energy use. We review how this balance manifests in both homeostatic processes and task-associated cognition. We also consider the perturbations and disruptions of metabolism in neurocognitive diseases.
认知和行为是大脑系统的涌现属性，这些系统旨在将复杂的适应性行为最大化，同时将能量消耗最小化。不同物种以不同方式协调这种权衡，但在人类中，结果偏向于复杂行为，因此能量消耗相对较高。然而，即使在能量需求高的大脑中，也有许多简约的过程在运作以优化能量利用。我们综述了这种平衡在稳态过程和与任务相关的认知中是如何体现的。我们还考虑了神经认知疾病中新陈代谢的扰动和破坏。
