Gürses Emre, Cesur Sıdıka, Manchaiah Vinaya
Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative Between University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA, and University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Brain Behav. 2025 Apr;15(4):e70475. doi: 10.1002/brb3.70475.
To assess emotional recognition ability using corpora of emotions conveyed through nonlinguistic pseudo-sentences in native and non-native listeners (Turkish and English).
A cross-sectional design was employed, including a total of 60 young adults (aged 18-25 years). Of these, 30 were American English-speaking participants with no knowledge of Turkish, while the remaining 30 were age-, sex-, and education-matched Turkish participants. Emotional recognition scores and reaction times were assessed following audiological measurements using a one-interval, five-alternative forced choice method. A hundred stimuli recorded by Turkish speakers were presented, including 5 emotions × 2 speakers × 10 pseudo-sentences. The emotions tested were "neutral," "happy," "angry," "surprised," and "panicked."
No statistically significant differences exist between the groups' recognition of "neutral" and "angry" emotions. However, significant differences were observed in the recognition of happy, surprised, panicked and the mean scores of the emotions. Reaction times showed that nonmeaningful pseudo-sentences elicited similar listening efforts between native and non-native listeners.
Overall results suggest that while there may be recognizable vocal cues irrespective of languages for expressing angry and neutral emotions, this does not apply to all emotions. These results point to the fact that the type of test materials may play an important role when measuring emotional recognition among different cultures using auditory stimuli. In terms of reaction time results, pseudo-sentences could be used for cross-language auditory emotion recognition, however with certain emotions.
使用通过非语言伪句子传达情感的语料库，评估母语和非母语听众（土耳其语和英语）的情感识别能力。
采用横断面设计，共有60名年轻人（年龄在18 - 25岁之间）参与。其中，30名是不懂土耳其语的美国英语使用者，其余30名是年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的土耳其参与者。在听力测量后，使用单间隔、五选一强制选择法评估情感识别分数和反应时间。呈现了由土耳其语使用者录制的100个刺激，包括5种情绪×2名说话者×10个伪句子。测试的情绪为“中性”“高兴”“愤怒”“惊讶”和“恐慌”。
两组对“中性”和“愤怒”情绪的识别没有统计学上的显著差异。然而，在对高兴、惊讶、恐慌情绪的识别以及情绪平均分数方面观察到了显著差异。反应时间表明，无意义的伪句子在母语和非母语听众之间引发了相似的听力努力。
总体结果表明，虽然表达愤怒和中性情绪可能存在与语言无关的可识别声音线索，但并非适用于所有情绪。这些结果表明，在使用听觉刺激测量不同文化间的情感识别时，测试材料的类型可能起着重要作用。就反应时间结果而言，伪句子可用于跨语言听觉情感识别，但仅限于某些情绪。
