Salpingitis isthmica nodosa in female infertility.

A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the radiologic appearance of salpingitis isthmica nodosa (SIN) in the fallopian tubes of 150 consecutive patients having hysterosalpingograms performed almost exclusively for primary and secondary infertility. SIN was observed in 13 of these 150 patients. The characteristic radiologic features of this condition are minute loculations of contrast medium adjacent to the tubal lumen which range in size up to 2 mm in diameter and are clustered together over a tubal length of 1 to 2 cm. Although the most frequent site of occurrence is in the proximal isthmic portion of the tube, there is occasional involvement of the distal isthmus and even the interstitial portion of the adjacent uterine cornu. Associated tubal abnormalities in this condition such as hydrosalpinx and tubal occlusion help explain the increased incidence of tubal pregnancy and infertility in patients with SIN.