Diriba Abdi, Gizaw Seifu, Alemu Fedasan, Tesfaye Kume, Tesfaye Endalu, Chali Motuma, Jobir Girmaye
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, P.O. Box 245, Fitche, Ethiopia.
Clinical Microbiology Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, Nekemte Public Health Research and Referral Laboratory Center, P.O. Box 061, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 7;25(1):474. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10788-8.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health problem worldwide, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Data on the prevalence of urinary tract infections, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and the associated factors are scarce in the study area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and associated factors among urinary tract infections suspected patients.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Nekemte Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, from June to September 2024 among 270 participants. Midstream urine samples were collected under aseptic techniques. Then samples were cultured on blood and MacConkey agars following standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was performed using the disc diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) method. The data were checked for completeness and consistency, entered into Epi Data version 4.6, and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associated factors of urinary tract infections. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Of the total samples collected, 78/270 (28.9%) had significant bacteriuria. Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria accounted for 67/78 (85.9%) and 11/78 (14.1%), among which Escherichia coli was the most prevalent, 30/78 (38.5%), followed by Klebsiella species, 26/78 (33.3%). Gram-positive isolates were highly susceptible to gentamicin (100%) and clindamycin (88.9%). Gram-negative bacteria showed high-level susceptibility to amikacin (100%), cefepime (93.3%), and gentamicin (91.0%). The total multidrug resistance identified was 44/78 (56.4%). Female gender, a having history of UTI, and antibiotic use without a prescription were statistically significant with UTI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Most of the isolated uropathogens were multidrug-resistant. A significant association with UTI was observed with being female, having a previous history of UTI, and using antibiotic without a prescription. Treatment of UTI should be supported by culture and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.
尿路感染（UTIs）是全球常见的健康问题，会导致发病率、死亡率上升以及医疗成本增加。在研究区域，关于尿路感染的患病率、抗菌药物敏感性模式以及相关因素的数据匮乏。因此，本研究的目的是确定疑似尿路感染患者中的患病率、抗菌药物敏感性模式及相关因素。
2024年6月至9月，在内克姆特综合专科医院对270名参与者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。采用无菌技术收集中段尿样本。然后按照标准微生物学技术在血琼脂和麦康凯琼脂上培养样本。使用纸片扩散法（Kirby-Bauer法）进行抗菌药物敏感性测试。检查数据的完整性和一致性，录入Epi Data 4.6版本，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）26版本进行分析。进行逻辑回归分析以确定尿路感染的相关因素。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在收集的所有样本中，78/270（28.9%）有显著菌尿。革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌分别占67/78（85.9%）和11/78（14.1%），其中大肠埃希菌最为常见，为30/78（38.5%），其次是克雷伯菌属，为26/78（33.3%）。革兰氏阳性分离株对庆大霉素（100%）和克林霉素（88.9%）高度敏感。革兰氏阴性菌对阿米卡星（100%）、头孢吡肟（93.3%）和庆大霉素（91.0%）表现出高度敏感性。确定的多重耐药总数为44/78（56.4%）。女性、有尿路感染病史以及无处方使用抗生素与尿路感染在统计学上具有显著相关性。结论与建议：大多数分离出的尿路病原体具有多重耐药性。观察到女性、既往有尿路感染病史以及无处方使用抗生素与尿路感染存在显著关联。尿路感染的治疗应依据培养结果和抗菌药物敏感性模式。
