Gryba Rowenna, Von Duyke Andrew, Huntington Henry P, Adams Billy, Frantz Brower, Gatten Justin, Harcharek Qaiyaan, Sarren Robert, Henry Greg, Auger-Méthé Marie
Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z2, British Columbia, Canada.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Apr 15;122(15):e2411946122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2411946122. Epub 2025 Apr 8.
While Indigenous Knowledge (IK) contains a wealth of information on the behavior and habitat use of species, it is rarely included in the species-habitat models frequently used by Western species management authorities. As decisions from these authorities can limit access to species that are important culturally and for subsistence, exclusion of IK in conservation and management frameworks can negatively impact both species and Indigenous communities. In partnership with Iñupiat hunters, we developed methods to statistically characterize IK of species-habitat relationships and developed models that rely solely on IK to identify species habitat use and important areas. We provide methods for different types of IK documentation and for dynamic habitat types (e.g., ice concentration). We apply the method to ringed seals (natchiq in Iñupiaq) in Alaskan waters, a stock for which the designated critical habitat has been debated in part due to minimal inclusion of IK. Our work demonstrates that IK of species-habitat relationships, with the inclusion of dynamic habitat types, expands on existing mapping approaches and provides another method to identify species habitat use and important areas. The results of this work provide a straightforward and meaningful approach to include IK in species management, especially through comanagement processes.
虽然本土知识（IK）包含了关于物种行为和栖息地利用的丰富信息，但西方物种管理当局常用的物种-栖息地模型中却很少纳入这些知识。由于这些当局的决策可能会限制获取在文化和生计方面具有重要意义的物种，因此在保护和管理框架中排除本土知识会对物种和本土社区产生负面影响。我们与伊努皮亚特猎人合作，开发了从统计学角度描述物种-栖息地关系的本土知识的方法，并开发了仅依赖本土知识来识别物种栖息地利用情况和重要区域的模型。我们提供了针对不同类型本土知识记录以及动态栖息地类型（如冰浓度）的方法。我们将该方法应用于阿拉斯加海域的环斑海豹（伊努皮克语为natchiq），由于对本土知识的纳入极少，该种群的指定关键栖息地一直存在争议。我们的研究表明，纳入动态栖息地类型的物种-栖息地关系的本土知识，扩展了现有的绘图方法，并提供了另一种识别物种栖息地利用情况和重要区域的方法。这项工作的结果提供了一种直接且有意义的方法，将本土知识纳入物种管理，特别是通过共同管理过程。
