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用大语言模型变革乳腺癌的诊断与治疗:一项全面综述。

Transforming breast cancer diagnosis and treatment with large language Models: A comprehensive survey.

作者信息

Ghorbian Mohsen, Ghobaei-Arani Mostafa, Ghorbian Saied

机构信息

Department of Computer Engineering, Qo.C., Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.

Department of Molecular Genetics, Ah.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.

出版信息

Methods. 2025 Jul;239:85-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2025.04.001. Epub 2025 Apr 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.ymeth.2025.04.001
PMID:40199412
Abstract

Breast cancer (BrCa), being one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in women, poses many challenges in the field of treatment and diagnosis due to its complex biological mechanisms. Early and accurate diagnosis plays a fundamental role in improving survival rates, but the limitations of existing imaging methods and clinical data interpretation often prevent optimal results. Large Language Models (LLMs), which are developed based on advanced architectures such as transformers, have brought about a significant revolution in data processing and medical decision-making. By analyzing a large volume of medical and clinical data, these models enable early diagnosis by identifying patterns in images and medical records and provide personalized treatment strategies by integrating genetic markers and clinical guidelines. Despite the transformative potential of these models, their use in BrCa management faces challenges such as data sensitivity, algorithm transparency, ethical considerations, and model compatibility with the details of medical applications that need to be addressed to achieve reliable results. This review systematically reviews the impact of LLMs on BrCa treatment and diagnosis. This study's objectives include analyzing the role of LLM technology in diagnosing and treating this disease. The findings indicate that the application of LLMs has resulted in significant improvements in various aspects of BrCa management, such as a 35% increase in the Efficiency of Diagnosis and BrCa Treatment (EDBC), a 30% enhancement in the System's Clinical Trust and Reliability (SCTR), and a 20% improvement in the quality of patient education and information (IPEI). Ultimately, this study demonstrates the importance of LLMs in advancing precision medicine for BrCa and paves the way for effective patient-centered care solutions.

摘要

乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症形式之一,由于其复杂的生物学机制,在治疗和诊断领域带来了诸多挑战。早期准确诊断对提高生存率起着至关重要的作用,但现有成像方法和临床数据解读的局限性常常阻碍取得最佳结果。基于Transformer等先进架构开发的大语言模型(LLMs)在数据处理和医疗决策方面带来了重大变革。通过分析大量医学和临床数据,这些模型能够通过识别图像和医疗记录中的模式实现早期诊断,并通过整合基因标记和临床指南提供个性化治疗策略。尽管这些模型具有变革潜力,但它们在乳腺癌管理中的应用面临数据敏感性、算法透明度、伦理考量以及与医疗应用细节的模型兼容性等挑战,要取得可靠结果就需要解决这些问题。本综述系统地回顾了大语言模型对乳腺癌治疗和诊断的影响。本研究的目标包括分析大语言模型技术在诊断和治疗这种疾病中的作用。研究结果表明,大语言模型的应用在乳腺癌管理的各个方面都带来了显著改善,例如诊断和乳腺癌治疗效率(EDBC)提高了35%,系统临床信任度和可靠性(SCTR)提高了30%,患者教育和信息质量(IPEI)提高了20%。最终,本研究证明了大语言模型在推进乳腺癌精准医学方面的重要性,并为以患者为中心的有效护理解决方案铺平了道路。

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