Li Hui, Zhang Zhenhe, Liu Jing, Wang Huiwen
Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
Biomed Eng Online. 2025 Apr 8;24(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12938-025-01370-z.
Bone regeneration is integral to maintaining bone function and integrity in the body, as well as treating bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and defects. However, oxidative stress often poses a significant obstacle during bone regeneration, leading to cell damage, inflammatory responses, and subsequent impediment of normal bone tissue formation. Therefore, to maintain bone regeneration, antioxidant therapy is essential. Bone scaffolds, serving as a temporary support for bone tissue, can provide an ideal microenvironment for cell proliferation and differentiation, effectively promoting bone tissue formation. In recent years, with in-depth research on antioxidants and their mechanisms of action, the development and application of antioxidant bone scaffolds have shown tremendous potential. These antioxidant bone scaffolds not only promote osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis, but also effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and osteoclast formation, significantly improving the efficiency of bone regeneration. Notably, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanozymes with multi-enzyme-like activities have been successfully constructed and encapsulated within bone scaffolds, leading to the proposal of multifunctional antioxidant strategies. Therefore, this review summarizes recent research progress, categorically introducing types of bone scaffolds and antioxidants, elucidating therapeutic strategies of antioxidant bone scaffolds, and identifying current challenges, aiming to provide valuable guidance for subsequent research.
骨再生对于维持身体骨骼功能和完整性以及治疗骨疾病（如骨质疏松症和骨缺损）至关重要。然而，氧化应激在骨再生过程中常常构成重大障碍，导致细胞损伤、炎症反应，并随后阻碍正常骨组织形成。因此，为了维持骨再生，抗氧化治疗必不可少。骨支架作为骨组织的临时支撑，可以为细胞增殖和分化提供理想的微环境，有效促进骨组织形成。近年来，随着对抗氧化剂及其作用机制的深入研究，抗氧化骨支架的开发和应用显示出巨大潜力。这些抗氧化骨支架不仅促进成骨分化和血管生成，还能有效抑制炎症反应和破骨细胞形成，显著提高骨再生效率。值得注意的是，随着纳米技术的快速发展，具有多种类酶活性的纳米酶已成功构建并封装在骨支架中，从而提出了多功能抗氧化策略。因此，本综述总结了近期的研究进展，分类介绍了骨支架和抗氧化剂的类型，阐明了抗氧化骨支架的治疗策略，并确定了当前面临的挑战，旨在为后续研究提供有价值的指导。
