Riorda Alessio, Negro Viviana, Pantaleo Antonio Marco, Matteucci Francesco, Shah Nilay, Chiaramonti David
Department of Energy, Politecnico of Torino, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy.
EISMEA, European Commission, Avenue Simon Bolivar 34, 1044 Brussel, Belgium.
Energy Fuels. 2025 Mar 19;39(13):6412-6425. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05085. eCollection 2025 Apr 3.
This study investigates the potential role of hydrogen production from biomass in the EU hydrogen objectives. With the EU aiming to produce 10 million tons of renewable hydrogen by 2030 and significantly scaling this production by 2050, diverse hydrogen production pathways must be explored. Our research focuses on assessing whether biomass-derived hydrogen can serve as a viable and substantial component of the hydrogen production mix alongside and complementing established methods such as electrolysis powered by renewable electricity. Through a comprehensive literature review, the main hydrogen production pathways from biomass have been assessed, including thermochemical and biological methods, with an emphasis on hydrogen yield, production costs, and technology readiness levels (TRLs). The work also considers the availability of biomass resources and potential production scenarios for 2030 and 2050. Our findings suggest that biomass-derived hydrogen can meaningfully contribute to the defossilization of the hydrogen sector, particularly in the midterm scenario for 2030. The analysis suggests that biomass has the potential to contribute a substantial share of the EU's 2030 hydrogen target, ranging from under 0.1 Mt to over 16 Mt per year. Biomass-derived hydrogen offers additional flexibility and security of supply in the transition to a sustainable hydrogen economy, other than the possibility to benefit from negative emissions in some cases and added value from the coproduction of defossilized materials and chemicals, relying on domestic resources available in Europe.
本研究调查了生物质制氢在欧盟氢能目标中的潜在作用。欧盟的目标是到2030年生产1000万吨可再生氢，并在2050年大幅扩大这一产量，因此必须探索多种制氢途径。我们的研究重点是评估生物质衍生氢能否作为制氢组合中的一个可行且重要的组成部分，与可再生电力驱动的电解等现有方法并行并相互补充。通过全面的文献综述，评估了生物质制氢的主要途径，包括热化学和生物方法，重点关注氢气产量、生产成本和技术就绪水平（TRL）。这项工作还考虑了生物质资源的可用性以及2030年和2050年的潜在生产情景。我们的研究结果表明，生物质衍生氢能够对氢能领域的去化石做出有意义的贡献，特别是在2030年的中期情景中。分析表明，生物质有潜力在欧盟2030年的氢目标中占据相当大的份额，每年从不到0.1百万吨到超过16百万吨不等。生物质衍生氢在向可持续氢能经济转型过程中提供了额外的灵活性和供应安全性，此外在某些情况下还可能受益于负排放以及从去化石材料和化学品的联产中获得附加值，这依赖于欧洲现有的国内资源。
