Sinuhaji Tubagus Rayyan Fitra, Ramadhani Sintha, Setiawan Volta Kellik, Baroroh Umi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, 50275, Semarang, Indonesia.
The Indonesian Society for Bioinformatics and Biodiversity - Masyarakat Bioinformatika Dan Biodiversitas Indonesia (MABBI), 11510, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Apr 9. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-04139-2.
The rich biodiversity of Indonesia provides a wide variety of plants rich in flavonoids, which show promising potential as antidiabetic agents. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds recognized for their broad biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects. Traditional Indonesian medicinal plants such as Syzygium cumini, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa are currently being studied for their flavonoid content and potential in diabetes treatment. Studies suggest that flavonoids can influence crucial pathways in diabetes management, including enhancing insulin sensitivity, boosting insulin production, and safeguarding pancreatic β cells against damage caused by oxidative stress. For example, quercetin and kaempferol, flavonoids in many Indonesian plants, have demonstrated potential for managing glucose metabolism and lowering high blood sugar levels. Additionally, these substances have been shown to inhibit enzymes such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase, which are involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates, thus aiding in the regulation of blood sugar levels after meals. The antioxidant qualities of flavonoids play a crucial role in fighting oxidative stress and are a significant contributor to the development of diabetes and related complications. Flavonoids help neutralize free radicals and enhance the body's antioxidant protection, reducing oxidative harm and promoting metabolic wellness. Additionally, their anti-inflammatory properties aid in reducing the chronic inflammation linked to insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Formulation advancements, such as nanocarrier technology, have been explored to boost the effectiveness of flavonoid-based therapies. Due to its vast plant diversity, Indonesia offers a potential reservoir for new antidiabetic drugs, meriting additional research and development with the aim of this review providing new knowledge on the potential of flavonoids that can play a role in the treatment of diabetes.
印度尼西亚丰富的生物多样性提供了各种各样富含黄酮类化合物的植物，这些植物显示出作为抗糖尿病药物的巨大潜力。黄酮类化合物是一类多酚化合物，因其具有广泛的生物活性而闻名，如抗氧化、抗炎和抗糖尿病作用。目前正在对印度尼西亚的传统药用植物，如蒲桃、辣木和姜黄，进行其黄酮类化合物含量及在糖尿病治疗方面潜力的研究。研究表明，黄酮类化合物可以影响糖尿病管理中的关键途径，包括提高胰岛素敏感性、促进胰岛素分泌，以及保护胰腺β细胞免受氧化应激造成的损伤。例如，许多印度尼西亚植物中的黄酮类化合物槲皮素和山奈酚，已显示出管理葡萄糖代谢和降低高血糖水平的潜力。此外，这些物质已被证明能抑制参与碳水化合物分解的α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶等酶，从而有助于调节餐后血糖水平。黄酮类化合物的抗氧化特性在对抗氧化应激中起着关键作用，是糖尿病及相关并发症发展的一个重要因素。黄酮类化合物有助于中和自由基并增强身体的抗氧化保护，减少氧化损伤并促进代谢健康。此外，它们的抗炎特性有助于减轻与胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能障碍相关的慢性炎症。人们已经探索了诸如纳米载体技术等制剂改进方法，以提高基于黄酮类化合物的治疗效果。由于其丰富的植物多样性，印度尼西亚为新型抗糖尿病药物提供了一个潜在的宝库，值得进一步研究和开发，本综述旨在提供有关黄酮类化合物在糖尿病治疗中潜在作用的新知识。
