Lamadrid Angelo, Leiva-Escobar Ignacio, Jeffery Caroline, Anguyo Robert J, Lako Richard, Valadez Joseph J
Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Internal Medicine IX-Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Medical Faculty of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2025 Apr 9;5(4):e0004144. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0004144. eCollection 2025.
Most research on violence against women and girls (VAWG) in South Sudan has focused on intimate partner violence (IPV) neglecting other forms of VAWG. This research aims to determine the prevalence of attitudes accepting IPV and whether it overlaps with attitudes accepting additional forms of VAWG (child marriage, raiding villages for women during cattle rustling or other raids or female genital mutilation) in South Sudanese men and women, or are different attitudinal phenomena. We used data from the National Household Survey South Sudan 2020 (n = 1,732 women, n = 1,730 men aged 15-49 years). We estimated attitudinal prevalences and applied spatial analysis (Global Moran's I, Getis and Ord's local Gi*, and Kuldorff's SatScan) and multilevel regression to assess overlapping attitudes accepting IPV and at least one other form of VAWG studied in the 10 states and three administrative areas comprising the country. The prevalence of attitudes accepting IPV overlapping with the prevalence of attitudes accepting at least one other form of VAWG was 34.72% (95% CI = 33.14%-36.34%). Sub-national results were non-randomly correlated (Global Moran's I= 0.23). Higher clusters displaying overlaps were located in the counties Kapoeta East, Kapoeta South, Kapoeta North, Budi, Pibor, and Ikotos. People married, cohabiting or living together (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.04-1.90) as well as people widowed, divorced or separated (aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.05-2.93) were associated with attitudinal overlaps. Conversely, communities with any formal education were associated with a lower odds of overlapping (aOR = 0.26. 95% CI = 0.09-0.70). In South Sudan overlapping acceptance of IPV and at least one other form of VAWG are spatially clustered. Therefore, strategies to understand and tackle them should be strengthened especially in those locations. Essential elements include increasing schooling for children and promoting women's empowerment, especially among male-female partnerships. These conclusions have national and international policy implications.
南苏丹大多数关于暴力侵害妇女和女童行为（VAWG）的研究都聚焦于亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），而忽视了其他形式的VAWG。本研究旨在确定南苏丹男性和女性中接受IPV态度的流行程度，以及这种态度是否与接受其他形式VAWG（童婚、在偷牛或其他袭击期间袭击村庄抢夺妇女或女性生殖器切割）的态度重叠，或者是否为不同的态度现象。我们使用了2020年南苏丹全国住户调查的数据（1732名女性，1730名年龄在15至49岁的男性）。我们估计了态度流行率，并应用空间分析（全局莫兰指数I、Getis和Ord的局部Gi*以及Kuldorff的时空扫描统计量）和多水平回归来评估在该国的10个州和3个行政区中接受IPV和至少一种其他研究形式的VAWG的重叠态度。接受IPV的态度流行率与接受至少一种其他形式VAWG的态度流行率重叠为34.72%（95%置信区间=33.14%-36.34%）。次国家层面的结果存在非随机相关性（全局莫兰指数I= 0.23）。显示重叠的较高聚集区位于东卡波埃塔县、南卡波埃塔县、北卡波埃塔县、布迪县、皮博尔县和伊科托斯县。已婚、同居或共同生活的人（调整后比值比=1.40，95%置信区间=1.04-1.90）以及丧偶、离婚或分居的人（调整后比值比=1.75，95%置信区间=1.05-2.93）与态度重叠有关。相反，接受过任何正规教育的社区态度重叠的几率较低（调整后比值比=0.26，95%置信区间=0.09-0.70）。在南苏丹，对IPV和至少一种其他形式VAWG的重叠接受在空间上呈聚集分布。因此，应加强理解和应对这些问题的策略，特别是在那些地区。基本要素包括增加儿童受教育机会和促进妇女赋权，特别是在男女伴侣关系中。这些结论具有国内和国际政策意义。
