Feldman Ryan, Faine Brett, Rech Megan A, Zimmerman David E, Flack Tara, Howington Gavin T, Laub Jessica, Porter Blake, Slocum Giles W, Zepeski Anne, Santiago Ruben D, Woolum Jordan, Krenz James, Sarangarm Preeyaporn, Koehl Jennifer
Medical College of Wisconsin School of Pharmacy, Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Emergency Medicine Division of Medical Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine and Pharmacy Practice, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Am J Emerg Med. 2025 Jul;93:146-153. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.03.046. Epub 2025 Mar 24.
The purpose of this article is to summarize pharmacotherapy related emergency medicine (EM) literature indexed in 2024. Articles were selected utilizing a modified Delphi approach. The table of contents from predetermined journals were reviewed and independently evaluated via the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system by paired authors. Pharmacotherapy-related publications deemed to be GRADE 1A and 1B were reviewed by the collective group for inclusion in the review. This article synthesizes and evaluates findings from 11 randomized controlled trials, 10 guidelines, clinical policies, position statements, or consensus recommendations, and 7 meta-analyses, providing critical insight into their potential clinical impact. Covered topics include guideline updates on seizure prophylaxis in traumatic brain injury, corticosteroid use in sepsis and acute respiratory distress and antibiotic prophylaxis in trauma. Additional topics include updates on thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke, including tenecteplase versus alteplase, anticoagulation reversal strategies with andexanet alpha and prothrombin complex concentrate, and the use of tranexamic acid in traumatic brain injury, ketamine versus etomidate for intubation in critically ill adults, expert consensus on heart failure hospitalization management, geriatric emergency medication safety recommendations, and emerging data on dual antiplatelet therapy for stroke management.
本文旨在总结2024年索引的与药物治疗相关的急诊医学（EM）文献。文章采用改良的德尔菲法进行筛选。通过查阅预定期刊的目录，并由配对作者通过推荐分级、评估、制定与评价（GRADE）系统进行独立评估。被认为是GRADE 1A和1B级的与药物治疗相关的出版物由集体小组进行审查，以纳入本综述。本文综合并评估了11项随机对照试验、10项指南、临床政策、立场声明或共识推荐以及7项荟萃分析的结果，深入洞察了它们潜在的临床影响。涵盖的主题包括创伤性脑损伤中癫痫预防的指南更新、脓毒症和急性呼吸窘迫中皮质类固醇的使用以及创伤中的抗生素预防。其他主题包括急性缺血性卒中溶栓治疗的更新，包括替奈普酶与阿替普酶的比较、andexanet alpha和凝血酶原复合物浓缩物的抗凝逆转策略、氨甲环酸在创伤性脑损伤中的应用、危重症成人插管时氯胺酮与依托咪酯的比较、心力衰竭住院管理的专家共识、老年急诊用药安全推荐以及中风管理中双重抗血小板治疗的新数据。
